There is a small, tiny server running for small community.
It's running 24 hours, 7 days in my closet. ;-)
The server is operated in ubuntu linux.
Main purposes of this are sharing files through ftp, running small board, downloading from torrent, remote access from the office through secret ssh port, sharing files through samba.
Yes, It is doing a lot of work as small home server.
but hardwares running linux are not so powerful.
celeron 1GHz, 512 Mb memory, and harddisks of 10Gb, 80 Gb, and 80 Gb.
(VIA 694 chipset)
One of my collegue gave me a old computer.
It has Celeron 2.6 GHz (!), 256 Mb memory, and 40 Gb harddisk.
(Intel i845G chipset)
So I decide to migrate my old server to new -actually it is not a new one - machine.
This is my personal recording of migration process.
1. Intall Ubuntu linux from 8.10 CD.
2. Upgrade ubuntu linux from 8.10 to 9.04 through dist-upgrade.
3. Configure APM (Apache2, PHP5, MySQL5 )
4. Install additional softwares
(proftpd, openssh, telnetd, webalizer, phpmyadmin, mc, squid)
5.
Friday, June 12, 2009
Tuesday, May 19, 2009
Remote access to linux machine through firewalled network
I'm running my linux machine at home as well as windows PC.
this morning I left my PC in power-on condition because some backup work should be done. But i will still be in power-on condition after the backup work done, that is the waste of energy. but I can turn it off because I'm working in my office.
So I tried to connect to my windows machine via linux computer which runs 24 hours a day. It is possible to use remote desktop service runs on Vista.
Only remaining problem is a running X windows program in my office PC.
It need some trick called ssh tunneling.
I installed Xming to run X server in my office PC.
to run the X application, i use plink.exe which installed with putty ssh client.
Method is very simple.
First, start the Xming server in my office PC.
And start command console in same machine.
move to the folder putty is installed.
and type plink and some connection info.
here's my case.
C:\PROGRA~1\iPuTTY>plink -ssh -X -P 27 -pw aaa user@mylinuxpc.com xterm
(note: -P 27 is option for non-regular port number.
this option is required because my company block official ssh port(22) so I changed ssh port to 27 in my linux machine.)
then I can use any linux X application through this xterm.
I started tsclient program and tried to connect to my vista machine.
this morning I left my PC in power-on condition because some backup work should be done. But i will still be in power-on condition after the backup work done, that is the waste of energy. but I can turn it off because I'm working in my office.
So I tried to connect to my windows machine via linux computer which runs 24 hours a day. It is possible to use remote desktop service runs on Vista.
Only remaining problem is a running X windows program in my office PC.
It need some trick called ssh tunneling.
I installed Xming to run X server in my office PC.
to run the X application, i use plink.exe which installed with putty ssh client.
Method is very simple.
First, start the Xming server in my office PC.
And start command console in same machine.
move to the folder putty is installed.
and type plink and some connection info.
here's my case.
C:\PROGRA~1\iPuTTY>plink -ssh -X -P 27 -pw aaa user@mylinuxpc.com xterm
(note: -P 27 is option for non-regular port number.
this option is required because my company block official ssh port(22) so I changed ssh port to 27 in my linux machine.)
then I can use any linux X application through this xterm.
I started tsclient program and tried to connect to my vista machine.
Saturday, April 04, 2009
Boot with grub, Vista, Ubuntu, OS X
I'm not sure which method can valid for my PC.
it seems kind of complicate concept such as efi_boot, vanilla kernel, guid, pc_bcd..
But i just downloaded 'boot_v9' and copy it into /boot directory in my ubuntu partition.
and added following paragraph in the /boot/grub/menu.lst
title Mac OSX Leopard
#root drive should be the partion which grub is installed. It's not where OSX intalled partition!!!!
root (hd1,2)
kernel /boot/boot_v9
boot
o
then It just work!!
http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=85508
Now that boot_v9 supports sleep, I have revived this method.
Get boot_v9 from here:
http://www.mediafire.com/?rdonkiqyzlz
Rename it from boot to boot_v9
Follow the PC_EFI method below, except say boot_v9 everwhere it says boot_v8
[Important Edit regarding depreciation -- While the PC_EFI method works, and was necessary for those of us who used grub at one time, with the advent of Chameleon I consider it depreciated.]
CHAMELEON METHOD
To use Chameleon with Grub, do the following:
1) Download Chameleon (current version) from chameleon.osx86.hu
2) dd boot1h to the partition you have OS X installed onto.
3) copy boot to the root directory of your OS X partion
4) ignore the boot0 file -- it overwrites grub in your MBR and you don't need it with grub.
5) edit your grub menu.lst file to chainload in the usual manner, I.E.-- my OS X entry now reads:
title Mac OSX Leopard
rootnoverify (hd?,?) (replace ? with the values Grub uses for OSX partition -- differs from pc_efi method)
chainloader (hd?,?)+1 (same values)
This is much easier and more standardized, hence I consider the following pc_efi method depreciated.
PC_EFI METHOD
[EDIT -- this is intended for MBR partitioning. If you used GUID, see keso7's post below also
http://forum.insanelymac.com/index.php?s=&...st&p=859014
Linux lives nicely in the extended partition of an MBR system. FreeBSD will put its own slices in an MBR primary partition.]
Get boot_v8 (The pc_efi bootloader)
(Google "pc_efi v8.0 download")
Copy it to /boot inside linux [EDIT -- or FreeBSD]
Then edit /boot/grub/menu.lst
title Mac OSX Leopard
root (hd?,?) (replace with same values grub uses for Linux partition, not ones for OSX partition)
kernel /boot/boot_v8
boot
[EDIT -- Repetition because so many people miss this point -- use root(hd?,?) to match your LINUX entry. DO NOT point to your OS X partition. If you screw this up you will get grub error 17.]
[EDIT -- a few people report kernel /boot_v8 works for them rather than above. Possibly a difference between SUSE (which I use) and Ubuntu on the reports. In any event, if you put boot_v8 into the same location as the Linux kernel (for me /boot) the the path should be the same as the path to the Linux kernel in the Linux entry.]
[EDIT -- for FreeBSD, the root line would be root(hd?,?,a) -- the a refers to the first (boot) slice in the FreeBSD partition]
If OS X resides on a different HDD than Linux, you will have to enter a hex code for the appropriate drive during the boot process. [For simplicity, I advise you have Linux and OS X share a hard disk.]
80 -- 1st HDD
81 -- 2nd HDD
82 -- 3rd HDD
Alternately, so you don't have to enter code during boot process, make a tiny ext3 partition on the OS X HDD
copy boot_v8 there in a directory /boot
and replace (hd?,?) with the values of that partition
[EDIT -- At least theoretically, you should be able to do the same approach with Grub hosted on a Solaris system. However Solaris does not support my disk controller (ICH8R) so I cannot test this myself.]
=====================================
thanks to jesse wilkinson
http://linagra.com/2009/03/osx86-triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-grub-working-efi/
http://www.jessewilkinson.com/2008/02/14/triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-710-osx86-1051/
Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1
February 14th, 2008
Filed under: Development, Hardware, High Technology
This is a step-by-step how-to of how exactly I set up my triple booting system on a PC. I used two hard drives for this configuration, one 400GB for my Vista + Ubuntu, and another 120GB for my OSX86 partition. This cleans up a lot of problems with getting the EFI bios to work.
Gateway GM5442
My hardware configuration:
-Intel Core 2 Duo E4400 (2.0 GHz)
-2GB DDR2 533MHz
-500GB + 120 GB SATA HD’s
-Board: Intel D945GCF
-Chipset: 82945G
-Intel GMA 950 Graphics
-10/100 Mbps Lan (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not osx86)
-Integrated 8-Channel Sigmatel Audio (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not on osx86)
-USB 2.0 Bluetooth Adapter (Works on Ubuntu + osx86, not on Vista)
-USB 2.0 Ethernet Adapter (Works on osx86, not on Vista + Ubuntu)
-USB 2.0 Audio Adapter (Works on osx86 + Vista, not on Ubuntu)
1. You will need:
* A PC with the same board/chipset/graphics for this install to work. A lot of computers come standard with this configuration.
* A copy of the Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.
* A copy of Ubuntu 7.10 (http://www.ubuntu.com)
* Any copy of Windows Vista (or xp really)
* Two (2) Hard drives! HIGHLY RECOMMENDED, makes life much easier and you don’t risk destroying your other partitions when installing OSX86.
2. Make sure both drives are attached by sata, configure your prefered vista drive as primary in your BIOS and go ahead and install it on your primary drive if you haven’t already.
3. When you’re done, use Vistas “disk management” tool under “computer management” in the “administrative tools” section of the control panel to free up some space in an additional partition for an Ubuntu install on your Vista Drive.
4. Insert your Kalyway disc and restart your computer, before the install starts jump into your BIOS.
5. Configure your hard drives so that your OSX hard drive will be primary instead of your vista drive. Exit + Save
6. Kalyway disc will start, allow the disk to load, it may take a few minutes. Patience is a virtue!
7. STOP, do not continue your installation yet, you need to partition!
9. Go to tools > disk utility and select your OSX hard drive from the left hand list.
10. Click the partition tab, and select 1 partition. Name your partition something simple, I used “osx”. DON’T USE SPACES. Choose MacOS Extended (Journaled) Filesystem. Do not click “apply” yet.
11. Choose “options” > this screen will appear:
MBR
12. For this hardware configuration only MBR will work with the EFI bios for this chipset. I’ve tried GUID, as it works better on intel processors, but nevertheless, no luck.
13. Click apply and complete the partitioning, close disk utility.
14. Continue the installer, agree to the terms + conditions. You will see a customize button before you click on “Install.” Click this option.
15. Check both the vanilla kernals and the EFI bootloader(MBR not GUID) at the bottom. I couldn’t get any of the sound drivers to work on my onboard sound, but i resolved the issue with a USB sound card (see bottom).
16. Click “done” and continue with the install.
17. When it’s all said and done, you should be able to restart and boot into OSX86 without the disc in the drive.
18. Eject the disc, and insert your Ubuntu 7.10 disc.
19. Restart the computer, and head into BIOS.
20. Reset your Vista drive as your primary hard drive. Save + Quit
21. When prompted to start ubuntu live cd, do so.
22. Once on the Ubuntu desktop, click install and follow the basic instructions. Use “largest continuous free space” for the space to install, and it will install to the empty partition on your vista drive you created in step 3. MAKE SURE YOU INSTALL GRUB BOOTLOADER!
23. Complete the install, eject Ubuntu disc, and restart.
24. When prompted with the Grub bootloader, choose Ubuntu 7.10 and boot into your linux partition.
25. Open up a new terminal and type in: “sudo fdisk -l” (confirm with password)
26. It should display a list of hard drives and their partitions, this will give you an idea of how you’ll need to configure GRUB, to boot into your OSX and Vista partitions. Keep this terminal open!
27. Open another terminal and type: “sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst” (confirm with password)
28. In front of you a gedit window will appear with the current Grub configuration. You’re going to have to add some new entries to this setup.
29. This is what my menu.lst file looks like, yours should look very similar, however you’re partitions may be labeled differently. Replace “root (hdX,Y)” as needed to make it match what you have displayed in the terminal you opened in step 25 + 26.
default 0
timeout 5
title Mac OS X86
root (hd1,0)
chainloader +1
makeactive
title Windows Vista
root (hd0,1)
chainloader +1
makeactive
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
quiet
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode)
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
title Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet
30. Once you’re sure you’re good, save and restart. The configuration I put in above should work beautifully with OSX being primary, Vista/XP secondary, and Ubuntu tertiary. ENJOY!
Extras I had to buy later:
- USB audio adapter (works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16829128002
- USB ethernet adapter (works with drivers on this page) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833114017
- USB bluetooth adapter(works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833156069
Photos:
About the macStacks!StatsDesktop (Artifacts too…)hardware acceleration!All three os’s
Videos:
- Youtube video of my setup: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1VD2lXpcZ0 (sorry it’s so quiet!)
Share:
* Digg
* del.icio.us
* Facebook
* Google
* Reddit
* Slashdot
* StumbleUpon
2 Responses to “ Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1 ”
1.
Andres
March 17th, 2009 at 1:06 pm
I see you made this a year ago. I just won a very powerful PC on a contest for video editing but I want to experiment running OSX on it. Here are my PC specs:
# Ram: 12GB
# CPU: Intel Core i7 Processor i7-920 2.66GHz
# Case: Antec 900 Series
# DVD Drive: CD - DVD Drive
# Power Supply: Trio 650 Watt TruePower
# Operating System: Vista Ultimate 64 Bit
# Video Card: Radeon HD 4870 512MB 256-bit GDDR5
# Firewire Card: 32/64-Bit 3 Ports 1394
# System Drive: 250 GB SATA 7200 RPM
# A/V Storage: 2 TB SATA 7200 RPM
I’d like to use a firewire external hard drive to install it. On your blog you mentioned using “Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.” Is there any upgrades ever since you did this? Do you think it’ll work on an external HD? I could also install it on a external eSata HD, what I don’t whant is to mess with the original configuration the system came with.(other than the BIOS).
Thanks beforehand for any advise you can offer.
2.
Jesse Wilkinson
March 19th, 2009 at 1:05 pm
Wow, I wish I could win a computer that rediculous… You should try the iPC distribution, it may work out of the box, although I’m not sure if OSX even supports core i7 chipsets yet.
http://pcwizcomputer.com/ipcosx86/
You’ll have to search “the bay” to find the download, it’s a dvd.
Also you should do your research on insanelymac.com. The easiest way to search that site is to use google with the site:insanelymac.com parameter.
You can use this link for that:
http://www.google.com/search?q=core+i7+site%3Ainsanelymac.com
Good luck man
it seems kind of complicate concept such as efi_boot, vanilla kernel, guid, pc_bcd..
But i just downloaded 'boot_v9' and copy it into /boot directory in my ubuntu partition.
and added following paragraph in the /boot/grub/menu.lst
title Mac OSX Leopard
#root drive should be the partion which grub is installed. It's not where OSX intalled partition!!!!
root (hd1,2)
kernel /boot/boot_v9
boot
o
then It just work!!
http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=85508
Now that boot_v9 supports sleep, I have revived this method.
Get boot_v9 from here:
http://www.mediafire.com/?rdonkiqyzlz
Rename it from boot to boot_v9
Follow the PC_EFI method below, except say boot_v9 everwhere it says boot_v8
[Important Edit regarding depreciation -- While the PC_EFI method works, and was necessary for those of us who used grub at one time, with the advent of Chameleon I consider it depreciated.]
CHAMELEON METHOD
To use Chameleon with Grub, do the following:
1) Download Chameleon (current version) from chameleon.osx86.hu
2) dd boot1h to the partition you have OS X installed onto.
3) copy boot to the root directory of your OS X partion
4) ignore the boot0 file -- it overwrites grub in your MBR and you don't need it with grub.
5) edit your grub menu.lst file to chainload in the usual manner, I.E.-- my OS X entry now reads:
title Mac OSX Leopard
rootnoverify (hd?,?) (replace ? with the values Grub uses for OSX partition -- differs from pc_efi method)
chainloader (hd?,?)+1 (same values)
This is much easier and more standardized, hence I consider the following pc_efi method depreciated.
PC_EFI METHOD
[EDIT -- this is intended for MBR partitioning. If you used GUID, see keso7's post below also
http://forum.insanelymac.com/index.php?s=&...st&p=859014
Linux lives nicely in the extended partition of an MBR system. FreeBSD will put its own slices in an MBR primary partition.]
Get boot_v8 (The pc_efi bootloader)
(Google "pc_efi v8.0 download")
Copy it to /boot inside linux [EDIT -- or FreeBSD]
Then edit /boot/grub/menu.lst
title Mac OSX Leopard
root (hd?,?) (replace with same values grub uses for Linux partition, not ones for OSX partition)
kernel /boot/boot_v8
boot
[EDIT -- Repetition because so many people miss this point -- use root(hd?,?) to match your LINUX entry. DO NOT point to your OS X partition. If you screw this up you will get grub error 17.]
[EDIT -- a few people report kernel /boot_v8 works for them rather than above. Possibly a difference between SUSE (which I use) and Ubuntu on the reports. In any event, if you put boot_v8 into the same location as the Linux kernel (for me /boot) the the path should be the same as the path to the Linux kernel in the Linux entry.]
[EDIT -- for FreeBSD, the root line would be root(hd?,?,a) -- the a refers to the first (boot) slice in the FreeBSD partition]
If OS X resides on a different HDD than Linux, you will have to enter a hex code for the appropriate drive during the boot process. [For simplicity, I advise you have Linux and OS X share a hard disk.]
80 -- 1st HDD
81 -- 2nd HDD
82 -- 3rd HDD
Alternately, so you don't have to enter code during boot process, make a tiny ext3 partition on the OS X HDD
copy boot_v8 there in a directory /boot
and replace (hd?,?) with the values of that partition
[EDIT -- At least theoretically, you should be able to do the same approach with Grub hosted on a Solaris system. However Solaris does not support my disk controller (ICH8R) so I cannot test this myself.]
=====================================
thanks to jesse wilkinson
http://linagra.com/2009/03/osx86-triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-grub-working-efi/
http://www.jessewilkinson.com/2008/02/14/triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-710-osx86-1051/
Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1
February 14th, 2008
Filed under: Development, Hardware, High Technology
This is a step-by-step how-to of how exactly I set up my triple booting system on a PC. I used two hard drives for this configuration, one 400GB for my Vista + Ubuntu, and another 120GB for my OSX86 partition. This cleans up a lot of problems with getting the EFI bios to work.
Gateway GM5442
My hardware configuration:
-Intel Core 2 Duo E4400 (2.0 GHz)
-2GB DDR2 533MHz
-500GB + 120 GB SATA HD’s
-Board: Intel D945GCF
-Chipset: 82945G
-Intel GMA 950 Graphics
-10/100 Mbps Lan (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not osx86)
-Integrated 8-Channel Sigmatel Audio (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not on osx86)
-USB 2.0 Bluetooth Adapter (Works on Ubuntu + osx86, not on Vista)
-USB 2.0 Ethernet Adapter (Works on osx86, not on Vista + Ubuntu)
-USB 2.0 Audio Adapter (Works on osx86 + Vista, not on Ubuntu)
1. You will need:
* A PC with the same board/chipset/graphics for this install to work. A lot of computers come standard with this configuration.
* A copy of the Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.
* A copy of Ubuntu 7.10 (http://www.ubuntu.com)
* Any copy of Windows Vista (or xp really)
* Two (2) Hard drives! HIGHLY RECOMMENDED, makes life much easier and you don’t risk destroying your other partitions when installing OSX86.
2. Make sure both drives are attached by sata, configure your prefered vista drive as primary in your BIOS and go ahead and install it on your primary drive if you haven’t already.
3. When you’re done, use Vistas “disk management” tool under “computer management” in the “administrative tools” section of the control panel to free up some space in an additional partition for an Ubuntu install on your Vista Drive.
4. Insert your Kalyway disc and restart your computer, before the install starts jump into your BIOS.
5. Configure your hard drives so that your OSX hard drive will be primary instead of your vista drive. Exit + Save
6. Kalyway disc will start, allow the disk to load, it may take a few minutes. Patience is a virtue!
7. STOP, do not continue your installation yet, you need to partition!
9. Go to tools > disk utility and select your OSX hard drive from the left hand list.
10. Click the partition tab, and select 1 partition. Name your partition something simple, I used “osx”. DON’T USE SPACES. Choose MacOS Extended (Journaled) Filesystem. Do not click “apply” yet.
11. Choose “options” > this screen will appear:
MBR
12. For this hardware configuration only MBR will work with the EFI bios for this chipset. I’ve tried GUID, as it works better on intel processors, but nevertheless, no luck.
13. Click apply and complete the partitioning, close disk utility.
14. Continue the installer, agree to the terms + conditions. You will see a customize button before you click on “Install.” Click this option.
15. Check both the vanilla kernals and the EFI bootloader(MBR not GUID) at the bottom. I couldn’t get any of the sound drivers to work on my onboard sound, but i resolved the issue with a USB sound card (see bottom).
16. Click “done” and continue with the install.
17. When it’s all said and done, you should be able to restart and boot into OSX86 without the disc in the drive.
18. Eject the disc, and insert your Ubuntu 7.10 disc.
19. Restart the computer, and head into BIOS.
20. Reset your Vista drive as your primary hard drive. Save + Quit
21. When prompted to start ubuntu live cd, do so.
22. Once on the Ubuntu desktop, click install and follow the basic instructions. Use “largest continuous free space” for the space to install, and it will install to the empty partition on your vista drive you created in step 3. MAKE SURE YOU INSTALL GRUB BOOTLOADER!
23. Complete the install, eject Ubuntu disc, and restart.
24. When prompted with the Grub bootloader, choose Ubuntu 7.10 and boot into your linux partition.
25. Open up a new terminal and type in: “sudo fdisk -l” (confirm with password)
26. It should display a list of hard drives and their partitions, this will give you an idea of how you’ll need to configure GRUB, to boot into your OSX and Vista partitions. Keep this terminal open!
27. Open another terminal and type: “sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst” (confirm with password)
28. In front of you a gedit window will appear with the current Grub configuration. You’re going to have to add some new entries to this setup.
29. This is what my menu.lst file looks like, yours should look very similar, however you’re partitions may be labeled differently. Replace “root (hdX,Y)” as needed to make it match what you have displayed in the terminal you opened in step 25 + 26.
default 0
timeout 5
title Mac OS X86
root (hd1,0)
chainloader +1
makeactive
title Windows Vista
root (hd0,1)
chainloader +1
makeactive
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
quiet
title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode)
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
title Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet
30. Once you’re sure you’re good, save and restart. The configuration I put in above should work beautifully with OSX being primary, Vista/XP secondary, and Ubuntu tertiary. ENJOY!
Extras I had to buy later:
- USB audio adapter (works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16829128002
- USB ethernet adapter (works with drivers on this page) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833114017
- USB bluetooth adapter(works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833156069
Photos:
About the macStacks!StatsDesktop (Artifacts too…)hardware acceleration!All three os’s
Videos:
- Youtube video of my setup: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1VD2lXpcZ0 (sorry it’s so quiet!)
Share:
* Digg
* del.icio.us
* Slashdot
* StumbleUpon
2 Responses to “ Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1 ”
1.
Andres
March 17th, 2009 at 1:06 pm
I see you made this a year ago. I just won a very powerful PC on a contest for video editing but I want to experiment running OSX on it. Here are my PC specs:
# Ram: 12GB
# CPU: Intel Core i7 Processor i7-920 2.66GHz
# Case: Antec 900 Series
# DVD Drive: CD - DVD Drive
# Power Supply: Trio 650 Watt TruePower
# Operating System: Vista Ultimate 64 Bit
# Video Card: Radeon HD 4870 512MB 256-bit GDDR5
# Firewire Card: 32/64-Bit 3 Ports 1394
# System Drive: 250 GB SATA 7200 RPM
# A/V Storage: 2 TB SATA 7200 RPM
I’d like to use a firewire external hard drive to install it. On your blog you mentioned using “Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.” Is there any upgrades ever since you did this? Do you think it’ll work on an external HD? I could also install it on a external eSata HD, what I don’t whant is to mess with the original configuration the system came with.(other than the BIOS).
Thanks beforehand for any advise you can offer.
2.
Jesse Wilkinson
March 19th, 2009 at 1:05 pm
Wow, I wish I could win a computer that rediculous… You should try the iPC distribution, it may work out of the box, although I’m not sure if OSX even supports core i7 chipsets yet.
http://pcwizcomputer.com/ipcosx86/
You’ll have to search “the bay” to find the download, it’s a dvd.
Also you should do your research on insanelymac.com. The easiest way to search that site is to use google with the site:insanelymac.com parameter.
You can use this link for that:
http://www.google.com/search?q=core+i7+site%3Ainsanelymac.com
Good luck man
Thursday, December 11, 2008
Sky HDTV in ubuntu 8.10
For seeing the QAM Digital broadcating, sky HDTV program is required.
but it's runs only on Windows.
Even Windows Media Center does not capture the QAM channel in korea.
If you are using a linux, you can see the digital TV for free.
1. Set the driver
Someone saying that following configuration option shold be added in /etc/modprobe.d/options
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
options snd_hda_intel index=0
options cx88-alsa index=1
----------------
That someone also saying that /etc/modprobe.d/aliases should add these;
alias char-major-116 snd
alias char-major-14 soundcore
alias sound-service-0-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-0-1 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-0-8 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-0 snd_hda_intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd_hda_intel
alias sound-service-1-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-1-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-1-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp1 snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-1 cx88-alsa
alias sound-slot-1 cx88-alsa
BUT, another one saying that only followings are needed for it.
/etc/modprobe.d/options
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
/etc/modprobe.preload
cx8800
cx88xx
cx88_dvb
2. install kaffeine
sudo apt-get install kaffeine
or you can enjoy the HDTV by using mplayer or xine.
Choose as you want.
3. Setup the channel
You need the programs scandvb, tzap and szap to scan transponders and to tune the cards. These are packaged in Fedora as 'dvb-apps' in Fedora Extras and 'dvb-utils' in Ubuntu (and thus probably Debian)
In ubuntu 8.10 you can install dvd-utils by
#apt-get install dvb-utils
then you can use the scan command.
config files for dvb-utils are stored in /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils
Korea use a ATSC like US, so don't confuse with several DVB options.
(there are 4 options ; ATSC, dvb-s for satellite, dvb-c for cable, dvb-t for terrestrial)
so use scan command for atsc.
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf <= cable
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-ATSC-center-frequencies-8VSB > channels.conf <= air TV
* if you using another linux distribution, you may need to use dvbscan instead of scan.
here is the format of channels.conf
ChannelName:Frequency:Modulation:VID:AID:PID
MBC:755028615:8VSB:17:20:1
KBS1:761028615:8VSB:33:36:1
KBS2:767028615:8VSB:33:36:1
EBS:773028615:8VSB:33:36:1
SBS:797028615:8VSB:17:20:1
check the channel with azap
# azap -r MBC
Copy the channel file to TV application directory.
for kaffeine : ~/.kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb
for Mplayer : ~/.mplayer/channels.conf
for Xine : ~/.xine/channels.conf
especially for using in kaffeine, you need to compile atsc-convert.
download source from http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister
atsc-converter channels.conf > channels.dvb
but it's runs only on Windows.
Even Windows Media Center does not capture the QAM channel in korea.
If you are using a linux, you can see the digital TV for free.
1. Set the driver
Someone saying that following configuration option shold be added in /etc/modprobe.d/options
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
options snd_hda_intel index=0
options cx88-alsa index=1
----------------
That someone also saying that /etc/modprobe.d/aliases should add these;
alias char-major-116 snd
alias char-major-14 soundcore
alias sound-service-0-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-0-1 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-0-8 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-0 snd_hda_intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd_hda_intel
alias sound-service-1-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-1-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-1-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp1 snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-1 cx88-alsa
alias sound-slot-1 cx88-alsa
BUT, another one saying that only followings are needed for it.
/etc/modprobe.d/options
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
/etc/modprobe.preload
cx8800
cx88xx
cx88_dvb
2. install kaffeine
sudo apt-get install kaffeine
or you can enjoy the HDTV by using mplayer or xine.
Choose as you want.
3. Setup the channel
You need the programs scandvb, tzap and szap to scan transponders and to tune the cards. These are packaged in Fedora as 'dvb-apps' in Fedora Extras and 'dvb-utils' in Ubuntu (and thus probably Debian)
In ubuntu 8.10 you can install dvd-utils by
#apt-get install dvb-utils
then you can use the scan command.
config files for dvb-utils are stored in /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils
Korea use a ATSC like US, so don't confuse with several DVB options.
(there are 4 options ; ATSC, dvb-s for satellite, dvb-c for cable, dvb-t for terrestrial)
so use scan command for atsc.
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf <= cable
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-ATSC-center-frequencies-8VSB > channels.conf <= air TV
* if you using another linux distribution, you may need to use dvbscan instead of scan.
here is the format of channels.conf
ChannelName:Frequency:Modulation:VID:AID:PID
MBC:755028615:8VSB:17:20:1
KBS1:761028615:8VSB:33:36:1
KBS2:767028615:8VSB:33:36:1
EBS:773028615:8VSB:33:36:1
SBS:797028615:8VSB:17:20:1
check the channel with azap
# azap -r MBC
Copy the channel file to TV application directory.
for kaffeine : ~/.kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb
for Mplayer : ~/.mplayer/channels.conf
for Xine : ~/.xine/channels.conf
especially for using in kaffeine, you need to compile atsc-convert.
download source from http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister
atsc-converter channels.conf > channels.dvb
Monday, September 15, 2008
split MKV
http://stream-recorder.com/forum/split-mkv-mpeg-4-avc-hdtv-file-t2270.html?s=21dcc10b0306a6cda1b8e97162b1642c&
Recently I got an .MKV HDTV file with MPEG-4 AVC (h264) video and two AC3 audio tracks. The bad thing was that the .MKV file was 10MB larger than a single layer DVD disc, i.e. it was 4,38 GB instead of 4,37GB I could fit into the DVD disc.
The problem was that many applications still didn't support files larger than 4,37. Also MPEG-4 AVC (h264) is not always supported even with a single audio track.
I didn't want to re-compress the video. Splitting MKV was the only option. Luckily the video had a dozen of useless seconds at the end.
I tried freeware avidemux (Windows) first. It was slow, didn't seem to support 2 audio tracks, besides I got several dialog windows asking me about indexing and other stuff that I didn't really want to see.
Then I tried freeware mkvtoolnix (Windows, Unix). It did the job perfectly!
mkvmerge GUI from mkvtoolnix has some disadvantages:
you can split after a given amount of time, but you can't split after several given amounts of time;
you can't preview the video in the mkvmerge, so you need to launch a player and remember the time when you need to split.
But it is fast. It support MPEG-4 AVC even with two audio tracks, so I recommend it!
Recently I got an .MKV HDTV file with MPEG-4 AVC (h264) video and two AC3 audio tracks. The bad thing was that the .MKV file was 10MB larger than a single layer DVD disc, i.e. it was 4,38 GB instead of 4,37GB I could fit into the DVD disc.
The problem was that many applications still didn't support files larger than 4,37. Also MPEG-4 AVC (h264) is not always supported even with a single audio track.
I didn't want to re-compress the video. Splitting MKV was the only option. Luckily the video had a dozen of useless seconds at the end.
I tried freeware avidemux (Windows) first. It was slow, didn't seem to support 2 audio tracks, besides I got several dialog windows asking me about indexing and other stuff that I didn't really want to see.
Then I tried freeware mkvtoolnix (Windows, Unix). It did the job perfectly!
mkvmerge GUI from mkvtoolnix has some disadvantages:
you can split after a given amount of time, but you can't split after several given amounts of time;
you can't preview the video in the mkvmerge, so you need to launch a player and remember the time when you need to split.
But it is fast. It support MPEG-4 AVC even with two audio tracks, so I recommend it!
Friday, August 29, 2008
SKY-HDTV on Ubuntu
Ubuntu 8.04 can detect cx23881 chipset automatically.
but It doesn't have tuner information.
so, let ubuntu know which tuner is used.
sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/options
add following
# set sky HDTV
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
reboot and now you can use your tv card.
sudo modprobe cx88-dvb
sudo apt-get install dvb-utils
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf
if you want to use kaffeine as tv viewer
sudo apt-get install kaffeine
and convert channels.conf file in your home directory into kaffeine's channels.dvb file.
http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister
download all the files in this url.
and compile it using make
you can get atsc-converter .
in your home directory atsc-converter channels.conf channels.dvb
you now can have channels.dvb
cp ./channels.dvb .kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb
but It doesn't have tuner information.
so, let ubuntu know which tuner is used.
sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/options
add following
# set sky HDTV
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64
reboot and now you can use your tv card.
sudo modprobe cx88-dvb
sudo apt-get install dvb-utils
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf
if you want to use kaffeine as tv viewer
sudo apt-get install kaffeine
and convert channels.conf file in your home directory into kaffeine's channels.dvb file.
http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister
download all the files in this url.
and compile it using make
you can get atsc-converter .
in your home directory atsc-converter channels.conf channels.dvb
you now can have channels.dvb
cp ./channels.dvb .kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb
Wednesday, August 20, 2008
Get Information About Your BIOS in linux
http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/querying-dumping-bios-from-linux-command-prompt.html
Get Information About Your BIOS / Server Hardware From a Shell Without Opening Chassis ( BIOS Decoder )
Posted by Vivek Gite [Last updated: July 24, 2008]
Get Information About Your BIOS / Server Hardware From a Shell Without Opening Chassis ( BIOS Decoder )
Posted by Vivek Gite [Last updated: July 24, 2008]
biosdecode is a command line utility to parses the BIOS memory and prints information about all structures (or entry points) it knows of. You can find out more information about your hardware such as:
=> IPMI Device
=> Type of memory and speed
=> Chassis Information
=> Temperature Probe
=> Cooling Device
=> Electrical Current Probe
=> Processor and Memory Information
=> Serial numbers
=> BIOS version
=> PCI / PCIe Slots and Speed
=> Much more
biosdecode parses the BIOS memory and prints the following information about all structures :
=> SMBIOS (System Management BIOS)
=> DMI (Desktop Management Interface, a legacy version of SMBIOS)
=> SYSID
=> PNP (Plug and Play)
=> ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)
=> BIOS32 (BIOS32 Service Directory)
=> PIR (PCI IRQ Routing)
=> 32OS (BIOS32 Extension, Compaq-specific)
=> VPD (Vital Product Data, IBM-specific)
=> FJKEYINF (Application Panel, Fujitsu-specific)
In this tip you will learn about decoding BIOS data (dumping a computer's DMI ) and getting all information about computer hardware without rebooting the server.
More about the DMI tables
The DMI table doesn’t only describe what the system is currently made of, it also can report the possible evolutions such as the fastest supported CPU or the maximal amount of memory supported.
dmidecode - Read biosdecode data in a human-readable format
Data provided by biosdecode is not in a human-readable format. You need to use dmidecode command for dumping a computer’s DMI (SMBIOS) table contents on screen. This table contains a description of the system’s hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of information such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hardware.
Task: Display information about IPMI Device
# dmidecode --type 38
Output:
# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0029, DMI type 38, 18 bytes.
IPMI Device Information
Interface Type: KCS (Keyboard Control Style)
Specification Version: 2.0
I2C Slave Address: 0x10
NV Storage Device: Not Present
Base Address: 0x0000000000000CA2 (I/O)
Register Spacing: Successive Byte Boundaries
Task: Display information about PCI / PCIe Slots
# dmidecode --type 9
# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x000E, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIX#1-133MHz
Type: 64-bit PCI-X
Current Usage: Available
Length: Long
ID: 1
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Handle 0x000F, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIX#2-100MHz
Type: 64-bit PCI-X
Current Usage: Available
Length: Long
ID: 2
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Handle 0x0010, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE#3-x8
Type: Other
Current Usage: Available
Length: Other
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Handle 0x0011, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE#4-x8
Type: Other
Current Usage: Available
Length: Other
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Handle 0x0012, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE#5-x8
Type: Other
Current Usage: Available
Length: Other
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Task: Find out Information about BIOS
# dmidecode --type 0
Output:
# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes.
BIOS Information
Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
Version: 6.00
Release Date: 01/26/2007
Address: 0xE56C0
Runtime Size: 108864 bytes
ROM Size: 1024 kB
Characteristics:
PCI is supported
PNP is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
LS-120 boot is supported
ATAPI Zip drive boot is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
Understanding BIOS keywords
dmidecode --type {KEYWORD / Number }You need to pass dmidecode following keywords:
- bios
- system
- baseboard
- chassis
- processor
- memory
- cache
- connector
- slot
All DMI types you need to use with dmidecode --type {Number}:
| # Type | Short Description |
| 0 | BIOS |
| 1 | System |
| 2 | Base Board |
| 3 | Chassis |
| 4 | Processor |
| 5 | Memory Controller |
| 6 | Memory Module |
| 7 | Cache |
| 8 | Port Connector |
| 9 | System Slots |
| 10 | On Board Devices |
| 11 | OEM Strings |
| 12 | System Configuration Options |
| 13 | BIOS Language |
| 14 | Group Associations |
| 15 | System Event Log |
| 16 | Physical Memory Array |
| 17 | Memory Device |
| 18 | 32-bit Memory Error |
| 19 | Memory Array Mapped Address |
| 20 | Memory Device Mapped Address |
| 21 | Built-in Pointing Device |
| 22 | Portable Battery |
| 23 | System Reset |
| 24 | Hardware Security |
| 25 | System Power Controls |
| 26 | Voltage Probe |
| 27 | Cooling Device |
| 28 | Temperature Probe |
| 29 | Electrical Current Probe |
| 30 | Out-of-band Remote Access |
| 31 | Boot Integrity Services |
| 32 | System Boot |
| 33 | 64-bit Memory Error |
| 34 | Management Device |
| 35 | Management Device Component |
| 36 | Management Device Threshold Data |
| 37 | Memory Channel |
| 38 | IPMI Device |
| 39 | Power Supply |
Display Power supply information, enter:# dmidecode --type 39
Display CPU information, enter:# dmidecode --type processor
Read man page for more information:$ man dmidecode
Other tools and commands to gather hardware information
- Linux list hardware information with lshw command
- dconf - Linux command to gather hardware and software snapshot for troubleshooting
- Linux display system hardware status information gathered from /proc filesystem in easy format
- Linux display information about installed hardware
- Linux command to gathers up information about a Linux system
Updated for accuracy.
Thursday, February 28, 2008
Tuesday, February 12, 2008
psychology term
피그말리온(pygmalion) 효과 : 피그말리온이라는 사람이 자기가 만든 여자 조각상을 너무도 사랑했기 때문에 그 조각이 진짜 여자가 되었다고 해서 나온 말로, 긍정적으로 기대하면 그 기대에 부응하는 행동을 하게 된다는 것. 낙인 (stigma)효과 - 피그말리온 효과와는 반대로 나쁜 사람이라고 부정적인 낙인이 찍히면 그 낙인에 걸맞은 행동을 한다는 것. 위약 (placebo)효과 - 밀가루를 알약처럼 만든 플라시보가 약효를 보는 것처럼 가짜 약이 진짜 약처럼 정신적,신체적 변화를 일으키는 것. 자이가르니크 (Zeigarnik)효과 - 연구자의 이름을 딴 것으로 첫사랑은 잊을 수 없는 것처럼 미완성 과제에 대한 기억이 완성 과제에 대한 기억보다 더 강하게 남는 것. 후광(halo)효과 - 어떤 사람이 갖고 있는 한 가지 장점이나 매력 때문에 다른 특성들도 좋게 평가되는 것. 악마(Devil)효과 - 후광효과와는 반대로 못생긴 외모 때문에 그 사람의 다른 측면까지 부정적으로 평가되는 것. 방사(Radition) 효과 - 예쁜 여자랑 다니는 못생긴 남자는 뭔가 다른 특별한 게 있을 것이라고 보는 것처럼 매력 있는 짝과 함께 있을 때 사회적 지위나 자존심이 고양되는 것. 대비 (Contrast) 효과 - 방사 효과와는 반대로 여자들이 자기보다 예쁜 친구와는 될 수 있는 대로 같이 미팅에 안 나가는 것처럼 너무 매력적인 상대와 함께 있으면 그 사람과 비교되어 평가절하 되는 것. 스톡홀름 (Stockholm) 신드롬 - 스톡홀름의 은행강도에게 인질로 잡힌 여자가 그 강도와 사랑에 빠진 것처럼 왕창 겁을 준 다음에 주는 호의가 더 효과적이라는 것. 전위적 공격행동 (Displaced Aggression) - 자기 마누라한테 받은 분풀이를 회사에 와서 부하직원에게 푸는 것처럼 처벌을 가한 자에게 공격행동을 하기보다는 다른 대상을 찾아 분노감을 해소하는 것. 자기 이행적 예언 (Self-Fulfilling Prophecy) - '며느리가 미우면 며느리 발뒤꿈치까지 밉다'고 어떤 사람을 의심하면 하는 짓마다 수상하게 보이고 미워하면 미운 짓만 하는 것 같은 것. 기대- 가치 이론 (Expectancy- Value Theory) - '제 눈에 안경' 혹은 '끼리끼리 논다'는 유유상종이란 말처럼 자기와 함꼐 할 상대자를 선택할 때 그 상대방의 매력 정도 뿐만이 아니라 그 상대와의 성사 가능성이란 기대 정도도 고려해서 결정한다는 것. 욕구-상보성 가설 (Need Colplementarity Hypotheses) - 기대-가치이론과는 반대로 지배욕구가 강한 사람은 순종적인 사람을 좋아하는 것처럼 서로 상반되는 성향의 사람들이 자신들의 욕구를 보상받을 수 있는 상대와 친해지려고 하는 것. 단순접촉의 효과 (Effect of simple contrast) - 자주 보면 정이 드는 것처럼 단지 자주 첩촉하는 것만으로도 사람들이 호감을 느끼는 것. 초두 효과 (Primacy effect) - 만남에서 첫인상이 중요한 것 처럼 먼저 제시된 정보가 나중에 들어온 정보보다 전반적인 인상 형성에 강력한 영향을 미치는 것. 맥락 효과 (Context Effect) - 성실한 사람이 머리가 좋으면 머리 좋은게 지혜로운 것으로 해석되고 이기적인 사람이 머리가 좋으면 교활한 것으로 해석되는 것, 또는 예쁜 여자가 공부도 잘하면 기특한 거고, 못생긴 여자가 공부를 잘 하면 독한 년이라고 처음에 제시된 정보가 나중에 들어오는 정보들의 처리 지침을 만들고 전반적인 맥락을 제공하는 것. 주의 감소 (Attention Dcrement) 현상 - 첫인상이 나쁘면 나중에 아무리 잘해도 어려운 것처럼 후에 들어오는 정보에 주의를 기울이는 정도가 줄어드는 것. 중요성 절감(Discounting) 현상 - 이기적이라고 생각했던 사람이 갑자기 호의를 보이면 의심하듯이 나중에 들어오는 정보의 중요성은 처음 들어오는 정보에 비해 가볍게 취급되는 것. 현저성 효과 (Vividness Effect) - 이빨에 고춧가루가 낀 여자는 아무리 예쁘게 생겨도 매력 없는 것처럼 두드러진 특징이 인상형성에 큰 몫을 차지하는 것. 부정성의 효과 (Negative Effect) - 한번 전과자는 사회에 발붙이기 힘들다고 하듯이 부정적인 특징이 긍정적인 것보다 인상형성에 더 강력하게 작용하는 것. 수면자 효과(Sleeper Effect) - 큰 잘못을 해도 시간이 지나면 용서 받을 수 있듯이 초기에 제시된 정보도 잠자고 나면 점차 망각되는 것. 빈발 효과 (Frequency Effect) - 내성적이라고 생각했던 사람도 웃기는 행동을 자주 하면 외향적이라고 생각되듯이 반복해서 제시되는 행동이나 태도가 첫인상을 바꾸는 것. 통제감의 착각 (Illusion of control) - '사람들은 모두 제 잘난 맛에 산다'고 불행한 사건이 일어날 가능성은 낮게 보고 남들보다 행복한 미래가 기다리고 있다고 생각하는 것처럼 우연에 의해 결정되는 일도 자신이 통제력을 행사할 수 있다고 믿는 것. 행위자-관찰자 편향 (Actor-Observer Bias) - 운전할 땐 차선의 빨간 불이 길게 느껴지고, 길을 걸을 땐 횡단보도의 빨간 불이 길게 느껴지는 것처럼 똑같은 행동도 자신이 행위자일 때와 다른 사람이 그 행위를 하고 있는 것을 관찰할 때가 서로 다른 것. 허구적 일치성 효과 (False consensus Effect) - 바람기 있는 남자는 자기 친구가 업무상 여자를 만나면 바람을 피운다고 추측하기 쉽듯이 객관적인 절차 없이 남들도 자기와 같을 것이라고 짐작하는 것. 허구적 톡특성 (False Uniqueness) - 내가 하면 낭만적 로맨스고 남이 하면 주책 같은 스캔들이라고 자신은 남들과 달리 독특한 개성을 갖고 있다고 보려는 것. 사회 비교 이론 (Social comparison Theory) - 내가 남들에게 어떻게 보이는가가 항상 궁금하듯이 사람은 의식적 또는 무의식적으로 자신을 타인과 비교하려는 욕구가 있다는 것. 단순 보상의 효과 (simple Reward effect) - 사람들이 유명세에 약하듯이 부담스러운 것보다는 보상을 추구하는 성향이 있기 때문에 일단은 강한 자 편에 서고 싶어하는 것. 자존심 고양의 효과 (self-Esteem Enhancing Effect) - 유명하고 똑똑하고 힘있는 사람이 내 주변에 많으면 내 자존심이 올라간다고 생각하는 것. 발부터 들여놓기 기법 (foot-in-the-door Technique) - 외판사원들이 하는 영업수법으로 작은 요구에 응하게 하여 나중에 큰 요구를 들어주게 하는 것. 머리부터 들여놓기 기법 (face-in-the-door Technique) - 어린애들이 엄마에게 우선 비싼 것을 사달라고 떼쓰다가 그것이 안되면 그것보다 좀 싼 것을 사달라고 하는 식으로 무리한 부탁을 먼저 해서 나중에 제시한 작은 요구를 들어주게 하는 방법. 내적귀인 (Internal Attribution) - '잘되면 내 탓'이라고 자기가 한 일이 성공적인 경우는 자신의 재능이나 노력 등 스스로의 공으로 돌리는 것. 외적귀인 (External Attribution) - '못되면 조상 탓'이라고 실패한 경우는 타인이나 상황 또는 운으로 탓을 돌리는 것. 방어적 귀인 (Deffensive Attribution) - 실패했을 때는 남의 탓으로 돌려야 자존심이 상하지 않으며, 잘 되었을 때는 자기의 공으로 치부해서 자기의 자존심이 고양되는 것. 조건반사 (conditioning) - "파블로브의 개' 처럼 과거에 경험했던 어떤 자극이 제시되면 그 자극상황에서 나타났던 반응들이 일어나는 것. 혐오적 조건 형성 (Aversive Conditioning) - 만일 나비가 하수도에서 산다면 나비도 쥐처럼 사람들이 혐오하는 곤충이 되었을 것이라는 상상처럼 더럽고 불쾌한 자극과 짝지어 제시되었기 때문에 어떤 것을 혐오스럽게 생각하는 것. 자극 일반화 (stimulus Generalization) 현상 - '자라 보고 놀란 가슴 솥뚜껑 보고 놀란다'고 조건형성된 자극과 유사한 자극이 나타나도 학습된 조건반사와 비슷한 반응을 보이는 것. 터널시야 (Tunnel Vision) 현상 - 열 받으면 눈에 뵈는 게 없는 것 처럼 생리적인 흥분이 증가되어 주의력과 정보처리 능력이 현저하게 저하되는 것. 비인간화(Dehumanization)현상 - 상대방이 어떤 사람인지 모르는 경우에는 상대방을 비인격적인 존재로 격하하기 때문에 상대방을 아는 경우보다 공격성이 촉발되는 것. 사건처리 (Event Processing Hypothesis) 가설 - 모르는 길을 찾아갈 때는 이것저것 파악해야 할 게 많아 멀게 느껴지지만 돌아올 때는 파악해야 할 것이 갈 때보다 적어 가깝게 느껴지는 것 처럼 처리되는 사건의 수에 따라 시간의 추정이 달라지는 것. 자기불구화 (Self- Handicapping) 현상 - 어떤 일을 실패할 가능성이 많다고 생각할 때는 다른 이유로 책임을 전가하여 핑계 댈 구실을 만들어 자존심을 보호하는 것. 심리적 반발 (Psychological Reactance) - 멍석 깔아주면 안 하는 것 처럼 하라면 하기 싫고, 말리면 하고 싶은 것. 자극포만 기법 (stimulus-satiation Technique) - 비정상적인 행동을 그만두게 하는 심리학적인 치료방법으로 좋아하는 것을 물리게 하여 그만두게 하는 것. 정서의 말초설 (Peripheral Theory of Emotion) - 아이들이 싸우다 코피가 나면 눈물을 흘리며 우는 것처럼 신체의 말초반응들이 감정을 유도하는 것. 점화 효과 (Priming Effect) - 특정한 정서와 관련된 정보들이 그물망처럼 서로 연결되어 있어서 한 가지 정보가 자극을 받으면 관련된 기억들이 함께 떠오르는 것. 몰개성화 (Deindividuation) 현상 - 스타의 공연을 보는 오빠 부대 마냥 흥분하면 자신의 상태를 파악하는 능력이 감소되어 하나의 독립된 개체로서의 개성을 상실하는 것.
내용출처 : 엠파스
내용출처 : 엠파스
Monday, January 28, 2008
recover GRUB
This procedure only can be applied for the case your system is under following condition.
1. Using a dual boot with other OS
2. Your boot loader was installed in MBR of hard disk.
If you installed windows OS on dual boot environment, you will not be boot into linux.
Windows was made for the case only one windows OS is installed in your computer.
Here goes the recovery procedure.
1. Boot with Ubuntu live CD.
2. in the gnome, check that your linux partition is shown in the Places - computer.
3. Open the terminal.
4. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
varrun on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=0755)
varlock on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777)
udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devshm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/ dev/sda4 on /media/disk type ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sda1 on /media/vista type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,allow_other,blksize=4096)
5. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): p
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 5624 45174748+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 5625 8046 19454715 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 8047 8173 1020127+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 8174 9598 11446312+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): q
6. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub
grub>root (hd0,3)
grub>setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 17 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+17 p (hd0,3)/boot/grub/stage2
/boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.
grub>quit
1. Using a dual boot with other OS
2. Your boot loader was installed in MBR of hard disk.
If you installed windows OS on dual boot environment, you will not be boot into linux.
Windows was made for the case only one windows OS is installed in your computer.
Here goes the recovery procedure.
1. Boot with Ubuntu live CD.
2. in the gnome, check that your linux partition is shown in the Places - computer.
3. Open the terminal.
4. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
varrun on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=0755)
varlock on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777)
udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devshm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/ dev/sda4 on /media/disk type ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sda1 on /media/vista type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,allow_other,blksize=4096)
5. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): p
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 5624 45174748+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 5625 8046 19454715 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 8047 8173 1020127+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 8174 9598 11446312+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): q
6. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub
grub>root (hd0,3)
grub>setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 17 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+17 p (hd0,3)/boot/grub/stage2
/boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.
grub>quit
Tuesday, January 01, 2008
Thursday, November 29, 2007
two way to resize multiple images in linux
There are lot of utility to resize the image.
but most of them are too heavy and even a commercial one.
In linux, anyone can resize multiple images at one command line.
If I have 200 JPG pictures of 3872x2592 (10 Mega pixel) in 'photo' directory and want to resize all the images into 50% size (1936x1296), Choose one of the following methods.
each method use a convert command provided as a part of imagemagick package.
so you have to install imagemagick first.
sudo apt-get install imagemagick.
1. Using shell script.
photo$ for k in $(ls *.JPG); do convert $k -resize 1936x1296 -quality 100 re_$k; done
2. Using find command
photo$find . -name “*.JPG” -exec convert '{}' -resize 1936x1296 -quality 100 re_'{}'\;
but most of them are too heavy and even a commercial one.
In linux, anyone can resize multiple images at one command line.
If I have 200 JPG pictures of 3872x2592 (10 Mega pixel) in 'photo' directory and want to resize all the images into 50% size (1936x1296), Choose one of the following methods.
each method use a convert command provided as a part of imagemagick package.
so you have to install imagemagick first.
sudo apt-get install imagemagick.
1. Using shell script.
photo$ for k in $(ls *.JPG); do convert $k -resize 1936x1296 -quality 100 re_$k; done
2. Using find command
photo$find . -name “*.JPG” -exec convert '{}' -resize 1936x1296 -quality 100 re_'{}'\;
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
Gutsy gibbon IM setting
I installed gutsy gibbon by upgrade.
at feisty,first changed /etc/apt/sources.list file.
replace all "feisty" into "gutsy" using ":%s/feisty/gutsy/g" command in vi.
and "sudo apt-get update"
and "sudo apt-get dist-upgrade".
that's all and it will takes about 40 minutes in my pc.
I installed english and korean language.
but log-in as english setting in GDM does not accept me to use korean input.
so I googled about solution.
Here's my soulution.
$ sudo apt-get install scim-hangul im-switch ttf-unfonts ttf-alee
$ sudo im-switch -z en_US -s scim-hangul
this command make you use korean input in en_US locale.
Friday, November 09, 2007
How to Hook Up
what's so funny about this?
http://www.wildondallas.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1206
Guy 101: How to Hook Up
What every guy needs to know to master the modern art of quick and casual sex. By Sarah Preston at Playboy.com
Dating is dead. At least that's what the 25-year-old authors of The Hookup Handbook, Andrea Lavinthal and Jessica Rozler, are convinced of after years of casually hooking up in college and beyond. Gal pal table talk à la Sex and the City has turned from "I hope he asks me out" to "I hope he calls me late-night." Don't be fooled, guys: You're not the only ones bragging about last night's booty call.
"The key to hooking up is the networking thing," Lavinthal says. "And alcohol has a lot to do with it -- people don't really hook up at Starbucks. There's the group that's getting married and the group that's hooking up -- it's what everyone's doing now."
Lavinthal and Rozler discuss the joys of casual sex with Playboy.com, from the rules of drunk dialing to friends with benefits.
THE APPROACH
"In a bar, a guy shouldn't approach a girl he flat-out doesn't know," Lavinthal advises. When girls are out having fun, they might want to meet a guy, but they don't necessarily want to be cornered by a stranger. "There should be some kind of connection to that person," she adds, "so it makes the girl feel like this isn't some random guy she's about to go home with." It's like networking for a job, but more fun. Make sure you have references -- someone who can vouch for you.
NOT ALWAYS SEX IN THE CITY
Guys should not assume they're going to get laid. "Sex isn't always going to come into play when you're hooking up. Hooking up means a wide variety of things," Rozler explains. "There's the hookup in the bar, when you're sucking face," Lavinthal adds, "and when you leave, you say, 'I hooked up with him.'" A hookup that lasts a few weeks or more will usually end up in a sexual relationship, but girls still make some kind of rule about that. Hooking up is not all about sex.
MY PLACE OR YOURS?
"A girl feels more comfortable at her place. It's the 'stuff' factor -- we need our stuff," Lavinthal says. "You're likely to get more ass if you're at her place. Girls are uncomfortable with the whole bathroom situation at a guy's place, as well as the walk of shame home from his place. If you're at her place, she'll feel more in control and safer."
THE EX FACTOR
Hooking up with an ex can be fun and effortless. "This is playing so dirty, but it's very easy to get yourself back in there," says Lavinthal. "You have to say things like, 'We clearly didn't work out as a couple but we always had so much chemistry.' Since you're already 'in,' the 2 a.m. drunk phone call usually works." If you do hook up with a recent squeeze, the authors counsel that you nix talking about friends and the future, and that you try to avoid spending the night.
TEXT SEX
"Text messaging is an integral part of hooking up," says Rozler. These days, it's okay to make plans via text message when you're meeting out at a bar, but if you want the hookup to have longevity, pick up the phone and put in some calls. Or even send an e-mail. Lavinthal adds that, "Girls just by nature get a little annoyed when it's just text messaging. A phone call shows that, while you might not be boyfriend and girlfriend, you'll actually take the time to dial her friggin' number to talk to her."
KEEP HER AT BAY
If you don't want her to have expectations that the hookup is going to turn into a real relationship, Lavinthal has this advice: "Keep your sober activities limited. Don't invite her to the movies on a Tuesday night and buy her Gummi Bears and popcorn. Don't talk about your family a lot. Don't talk about the future."
THE RULES OF DRUNK DIALING
"Don't leave a voice mail message if you're really drunk, because you're gonna sound like a jackass," Lavinthal warns. "The girl's gonna see your missed call anyway." And be sure when you call to make it sound like you're not ready to end the night. Tell her you're headed to another bar, because, according to Lavinthal, "He shouldn't make it seem like she's the last stop on the booty train."
LET THE CIRCLE BE UNBROKEN
What do the authors think is the biggest hookup faux pas? "Our biggest no-no," Lavinthal warns, "is don't invade her group of friends and secretly hit on all of them." If you do, you stand to lose them all, and it will create a whole lot of unwanted drama in the process.
WHAT ARE YOUR OPIONS ON THIS INFORMATION?
__________________
WildonDallas.com
http://www.wildondallas.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1206
Guy 101: How to Hook Up
What every guy needs to know to master the modern art of quick and casual sex. By Sarah Preston at Playboy.com
Dating is dead. At least that's what the 25-year-old authors of The Hookup Handbook, Andrea Lavinthal and Jessica Rozler, are convinced of after years of casually hooking up in college and beyond. Gal pal table talk à la Sex and the City has turned from "I hope he asks me out" to "I hope he calls me late-night." Don't be fooled, guys: You're not the only ones bragging about last night's booty call.
"The key to hooking up is the networking thing," Lavinthal says. "And alcohol has a lot to do with it -- people don't really hook up at Starbucks. There's the group that's getting married and the group that's hooking up -- it's what everyone's doing now."
Lavinthal and Rozler discuss the joys of casual sex with Playboy.com, from the rules of drunk dialing to friends with benefits.
THE APPROACH
"In a bar, a guy shouldn't approach a girl he flat-out doesn't know," Lavinthal advises. When girls are out having fun, they might want to meet a guy, but they don't necessarily want to be cornered by a stranger. "There should be some kind of connection to that person," she adds, "so it makes the girl feel like this isn't some random guy she's about to go home with." It's like networking for a job, but more fun. Make sure you have references -- someone who can vouch for you.
NOT ALWAYS SEX IN THE CITY
Guys should not assume they're going to get laid. "Sex isn't always going to come into play when you're hooking up. Hooking up means a wide variety of things," Rozler explains. "There's the hookup in the bar, when you're sucking face," Lavinthal adds, "and when you leave, you say, 'I hooked up with him.'" A hookup that lasts a few weeks or more will usually end up in a sexual relationship, but girls still make some kind of rule about that. Hooking up is not all about sex.
MY PLACE OR YOURS?
"A girl feels more comfortable at her place. It's the 'stuff' factor -- we need our stuff," Lavinthal says. "You're likely to get more ass if you're at her place. Girls are uncomfortable with the whole bathroom situation at a guy's place, as well as the walk of shame home from his place. If you're at her place, she'll feel more in control and safer."
THE EX FACTOR
Hooking up with an ex can be fun and effortless. "This is playing so dirty, but it's very easy to get yourself back in there," says Lavinthal. "You have to say things like, 'We clearly didn't work out as a couple but we always had so much chemistry.' Since you're already 'in,' the 2 a.m. drunk phone call usually works." If you do hook up with a recent squeeze, the authors counsel that you nix talking about friends and the future, and that you try to avoid spending the night.
TEXT SEX
"Text messaging is an integral part of hooking up," says Rozler. These days, it's okay to make plans via text message when you're meeting out at a bar, but if you want the hookup to have longevity, pick up the phone and put in some calls. Or even send an e-mail. Lavinthal adds that, "Girls just by nature get a little annoyed when it's just text messaging. A phone call shows that, while you might not be boyfriend and girlfriend, you'll actually take the time to dial her friggin' number to talk to her."
KEEP HER AT BAY
If you don't want her to have expectations that the hookup is going to turn into a real relationship, Lavinthal has this advice: "Keep your sober activities limited. Don't invite her to the movies on a Tuesday night and buy her Gummi Bears and popcorn. Don't talk about your family a lot. Don't talk about the future."
THE RULES OF DRUNK DIALING
"Don't leave a voice mail message if you're really drunk, because you're gonna sound like a jackass," Lavinthal warns. "The girl's gonna see your missed call anyway." And be sure when you call to make it sound like you're not ready to end the night. Tell her you're headed to another bar, because, according to Lavinthal, "He shouldn't make it seem like she's the last stop on the booty train."
LET THE CIRCLE BE UNBROKEN
What do the authors think is the biggest hookup faux pas? "Our biggest no-no," Lavinthal warns, "is don't invade her group of friends and secretly hit on all of them." If you do, you stand to lose them all, and it will create a whole lot of unwanted drama in the process.
WHAT ARE YOUR OPIONS ON THIS INFORMATION?
__________________
WildonDallas.com
Wednesday, November 07, 2007
vista home
product key for gateway gm5420
4C78T-3HQ3X-98WHB-446Y7-FGTPR
ACTIVATION NUMBER FROM MICROSOFT
A: 022160
B: 635383
C: 018944
D: 706550
E: 460382
F: 859273
G: 513890
H: 910522
4C78T-3HQ3X-98WHB-446Y7-FGTPR
ACTIVATION NUMBER FROM MICROSOFT
A: 022160
B: 635383
C: 018944
D: 706550
E: 460382
F: 859273
G: 513890
H: 910522
Saturday, September 15, 2007
9/15
garden city, ks motel 8 arrived at 11:50
(dodge city - cargill)
(garden city - cow slain like fast food nation)
greenvill, tx : 12:05
oklahoma city, ok : 2:20
ponka city, ok : 4:20
(dodge city - cargill)
(garden city - cow slain like fast food nation)
greenvill, tx : 12:05
oklahoma city, ok : 2:20
ponka city, ok : 4:20
Friday, September 07, 2007
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