Adobe lightroom freeze after deteting video file

While importing the catalog in Lightloom, preview and importing hangs.
Don't know why it happens.

But, after googling for a while I found one clue.
follwing two Adobe's service should be loaded for solving this problem.
1. DynamicLinkMediaServer.exe
2.  DynamicLinkManager.exe

Make sure that these two files are executed.

You may re-generate symbolic link (*.lnk) of these files.
Two executables are located in below path.
%Lightroom folder%\Helpers\DynamicLinkSupport\dynamiclink\CS6\dynamiclinkmanager.exe
%Lightroom folder%\Helpers\DynamicLinkMediaServer\dynamiclinkmediaserver\1.0\dynamiclinkmediaserver.exe

Option B – Disable UAC Through Group Policy

This is the method that should be used by administrators wanting to disable UAC across several computers at once.
This can be done via Local Group Policy or via Active Directory-based GPO, which is much more suited for large networks where one would like to disable UAC for many computers at once.
If using Local Group Policy you’ll need to open the Group Policy Editor (Start > Run > gpedit.msc).
If using in AD-based GPO, open Group Policy Management Console (Start > Run > gpmc.msc) from a Windows Vista/7/2008 computer that is a member of the domain. In the GPMC window, browse to the required GPO that is linked to the OU or domain where the computers are located, then edit it, or, if needed, create a new GPO.




In the Group Policy Editor window, browse to Computer Configuration > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > Security Options.

 

Make the following changes:

• User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for administrators in Admin Approval Mode – Set its value to Elevate without prompting.
• User Account Control: Detect application installations and prompt for elevation – Set its value to Disabled.
• User Account Control: Only elevate UIAccess applications that are installed in secure locations – Set its value to Disabled.
• User Account Control: Run all administrators in Admin Approval Mode – Set its value to Disabled.

Restart the computer when done.

Option C – Disable UAC Through the Registry

Another method to disable  UAC is through the computer’s Registry.

Click Start, click Run, type regedit, and then click Enter.
If prompted to enter your credentials by UAC, do so and/or press Yes to continue.
Navigate to the following registry subkey:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System

1	HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System

In the details pane, locate the EnableLUA key (REG_DWORD type).
On the Edit menu, click Modify. In the Value data box, type 0 (zero), and then click OK.

Exit Registry Editor, and then reboot the computer.

android camera shutter sound off

http://androidforums.com/motorola-droid/30759-turn-off-camera-shutter-sound.html



Easy to do Actually!

Remove the camera_click.ogg file from your phone.

You must be rooted to do this but you can do this using ADB Shell or Terminal Emulator. Make sure to change /system to RW first.
ADB shell
SU
mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock4 /system
mv /system/media/audio/ui/camera_click.ogg /system/media/audio/ui/camera_click.ogg.old

Done!!! No more Clicking sound

There are a few programs on the market that allow you access the file on root as well through a GUI if your not comfortable using command lines.

Mount NTFS or USB disk in single mode boot

http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=232365


Snow Leopard 10.6.4

Recently I had a situation where I couldn’t get into the GUI (even with safe mode –x). I knew I had to replace a certain file on the root with a file I had stored on another drive. Now if this was DOS, it would be trivial to copy the file over – not so in OS X.

In order to use the mount command, we first need to know three pieces of information.
1. The name of the drive we want to mount (what do we call it?)
2. The type of file system that drive uses.
3. The folder we are going to mount the drive in.

First we need to enter Single User Mode. For Chameleon-type hackintosh bootloaders, hit any key then type –s enter. For legit Mac users I think you hold Apple and s key as you boot.

After booting, somewhere on the screen, you should see a line similar to this:
BSD root: disk0s1, major 14, minor 1
This tells us that we are currently on disk 0, partition 1 (ignore the major, minor).

You can now go ahead and enter the two commands listed on the screen.
fsck –fy
mount –uw /

The first command will check your disk for errors and the second will give you write access to the root. You now need to be EXTREMELY CAREFUL about making inadvertent or damaging changes to root.

We need to know what the computer has called our drives and partitions. We use the ls command (similar to dir in DOS).
ls –l /dev/disk*

We get some output which contains something like this:
/dev/disk0
/dev/disk0s1 <-- we know we are on this partition
/dev/disk0s2
/dev/disk1
/dev/disk1s1
/dev/disk1s2 <-- the file we want is here (we think)

Note this list seems to change and there is no guarantee that partitions named in the GUI using diskutil will have the same names here. Also CD’s and DVD’s take a while to show up sometimes so just repeat the command (use up arrow) until they do.

Check the file system used by the drive we want to mount. In my example it is a Windows NTFS partition.
fstyp /dev/disk1s2
ntfs <-- ok that’s what we expected

Now we create a folder to mount the drive to. For easy access let’s make a folder on the root called “drive2”.
mkdir /drive2

Now it’s time to use all this information in the mount command
mount –t ntfs /dev/disk1s2 /drive2

With some luck it worked. We check to see if our files and folders are there.
ls –l /drive2

If the device was a HFS/HFS+ volume (Mac OS) then we would use this command:
mount –t hfs /dev/disk1s2 /drive2

USB hard drives and flash drives would use similar syntax depending on what file system the device was formatted with eg. NTFS (windows), HFS (mac), MSDOS (older / smaller usb sticks).

For a CD…
mount –t cd9660 /dev/disk1s2 /drive2

For a DVD…
mount –t udf /dev/disk1s2 /drive2
if this doesn’t work then try the cd9660 switch as if it was a CD.

Mounting a Samba network share does not seem to work in Snow Leopard 10.6.4.

At this point you should be able to do the things you wanted to do (cp files etc.). Note, HFS drives are mounted with WRITE ACCESS by default even if the root is read-only (use -r switch if you want to mount read-only). NTFS drives are mounted as read-only and there is no native support for write access.

We can unmount the device using this command (note spelling of “umount”):
umount /dev/disk1s2

When you are finished, use the reboot or shutdown command. DO NOT use the exit command which will continue booting into GUI.

NOTE: Please do not reply to this thread to troubleshoot your problems. I'm not an expert, I just taught myself what I needed to know to get the job done. Single User Mode has an excellent man command (short for manual). This is the best way to teach yourself. Also look in the /sbin folder for variations of the mount command for other file systems.

If you have something useful to add, for example you know how to get SMB shares to mount, then please contribute.

Modify Chameleon boot loader

After installing os X in PC, chameleon boot loader was installed as default.
It looks charming and I decided to use it.

But one thing left not resolved.
Windows 7 is my primary OS but this loader choose snow leopard as default os.

The way to change the default OS in chameleon was found in follwing location.

http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t160689.html
Modify your com.apple.Boot.plist to contain the following:

Default Partition
hd(x,y)

where X is the drive and Y the partition.

Hackintosh 10.6.6

Just installed hazard snow leopard 10.6.6.
First I tried to update from IOAK 10.6.2 but don't know how to upgrade it safely.
So I decide to reinstall it.

Install process was successful.
While installing, customizing it with PCEFI, NVinjector, NVenabler, AppleAzailla, etc.

But after the install, first boot was failed.

in the verbose boot I found that AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext cause the kernel panic.

kernel panic message read like this;


Debugger called:
Backtrace (CPU 1), Frame : Return Address


Kernel Extensions in backtrace(with dependencies):
com.apple.driver.AppleTyMCEDriver(1.0.1dB)@0x2f5c8000->0x2f5d0fff
dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily(2.6.3)@0x2f922000
dependency: com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginFamily(4.0.1d0)@0x35b13000
dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOACPIFamily(1.3.0)@0x2f905000


Following solution was found through google search.

http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=65137&mode=threaded&pid=461289

Try to remove "AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext".

In terminal:
mount -uw /
sudo rm -R /System/Library/Extensions/AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext
sudo rm /System/Library/Extensions.kextcache
sudo rm /System/Library/Extensions.mkext

Then repair permissions and reboot.

Here is the another solution'

http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t220378.html

Boot in single user:
mount -uw /
rm /System/Library/Extensions/AppleTyMCEDriver.kext


http://www.hackint0sh.org/f200/43669.htm


[Solution] System Hangs on ACPI_SMC_PlatformPlugIn

If you had this hangs/freeze with this component call, have this sollution:

-

Boot your PC.

Pressing F8 repeatedly.

You see Darwin prompt, now type -S (Enter)

Now, you see something lines, bla bla bla and a prompt.

Now, type:

/sbin/mount -uw / (Enter)

rm -rf /System/Library/Extensions/AppleSMC.kext (Enter)

rm -rf /System/Library/Extensions.mkext (Enter)

rm -rf /System/Library/Caches/* (Enter)

reboot (Enter)

Pressing F8 repeatedly. (Again)

In Darwin prompt, type -v (Enter) (this for verbose mode)

See it boot fine without errors.

Goodluck,

Canon PIXMA MP150 error

My printer -canon MP150 - was gone because of failed color ink cartridge.
LED shows E5 error code continuously.
So I decided to use this machine as scanner without printing.

Thanks to FixYa
http://www.fixya.com/support/t545498-error_e5

when the error E5 is ocured it means the COLOR cartridge is either the WRONG cartridge, or you have a balck cartridge in the color cartridges spot. Please verify you have the correct cartridges in the correct locations, and that you may not have installed the black in the colors location. Please let me know if this fixes your problem. Thanks //D


http://www.fixya.com/support/t1781424-canon_mp145_stop_error_e5_use_scanner

THIS SOLUTION FOR PEOPLE WHO CANNOT RESET THEIR OWN PRINTER LIKE ME

hi, now i got a solution how to SCAN if your printer have E-5 error or something. First u must remove the both cartridge from your printer and make sure u connect your printer to your computer, after that, do this

With the printer powered off but connected to a power source, press the Power button while pressing and holding the Stop/ Reset button.

When the Power is lit, press the Stop/Reset button two times while pressing and holding the Power button.

And then you will see no error in your printer (the LED shows number 1,and the alarm is in green)

NOW U CAN SCAN USING MP NAVIGATOR!

Ubuntu 10.04 lucid server

Just right after the release of ubuntu 10.04 lucid, I installed it in my computer.
This time, it is a server, not a desktop version.

It was exactly what I expected!

no graphics, no eye-candy stuff.

very simple and very fast.

But I got a problem after installing it.

Until the version 9.10, ubuntu used ext3 as default file system.
But it was changed into ext4 file system in 10.04.
Without any prior information of new version I put the server CD in my cd-rom.
after the clean install, I mounted all my old partions.
I seems working perfectly.

In the next I found that the server was down and tried to reboot it.
it stucked in fsck while boot up.

I tried and tried with no success.

After failing hundred of tries, I started google.
The error message was "ureadahead-other main process terminiated..".
It was told that this message is involved in data cache or file system read.
Then I checked the release note of ubuntu 10.04 lucid.

I found that default file system was changed to ext4.

consequently I google to know how to recover and convert the filesystem.

The asnswer i fouind was the following commands.

root@server# fsck.ext3 -pf /dev/sdd2
/dev/sdd2: 238/9158656 files (39.5% non-contiguous), 19796871/36634224 blocks
root@server# tune2fs -O extents,uninit_bg,dir_index /dev/sdd2
tune2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010)

Please run e2fsck on the filesystem.
root@server# tune2fs -O extents,uninit_bg,dir_index /dev/sdd2
tune2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010)

root@server# fsck /dev/sdd2
...
Group descriptor 1113 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 1114 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 1115 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 1116 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 1117 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
/dev/sdd2 contains a file system with errors, check forced.
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/sdd2: 238/9158656 files (39.5% non-contiguous), 19796871/36634224 blocks

Actually above /dev/sdd2 partition was lost by wrong mounting option in /etc/fstab.
While its file system is ext3, I write its filesystem as ext4 in /etc/fstab.
This must be my biggest mistake and carelessness.
I believe this small mistake makes whole system fault.

After the failure, /dev/sdd2 partion was lost.
fdisk command shows that sdd2 is not partitioned.

to recover the filesystem, I used parted command.

root@server# parted /dev/sdd
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) unit
Unit? [compact]? cyl
(parted)print
Model: ATA Hitachi HDT72502 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdd: 30401cyl
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
BIOS cylinder,head,sector geometry: 30401,255,63. Each cylinder is 8225kB.
Partition Table: msdos

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 0cyl 12157cyl 12157cyl primary ext4

(parted) rescue 12158 30401

With this three command, I recovered the ext3 partition again!

and next, I converted it into ext4 then I use it flawlessly.

Migrating linux server

There is a small, tiny server running for small community.
It's running 24 hours, 7 days in my closet. ;-)
The server is operated in ubuntu linux.
Main purposes of this are sharing files through ftp, running small board, downloading from torrent, remote access from the office through secret ssh port, sharing files through samba.
Yes, It is doing a lot of work as small home server.
but hardwares running linux are not so powerful.
celeron 1GHz, 512 Mb memory, and harddisks of 10Gb, 80 Gb, and 80 Gb.
(VIA 694 chipset)

One of my collegue gave me a old computer.
It has Celeron 2.6 GHz (!), 256 Mb memory, and 40 Gb harddisk.
(Intel i845G chipset)

So I decide to migrate my old server to new -actually it is not a new one - machine.

This is my personal recording of migration process.

1. Intall Ubuntu linux from 8.10 CD.
2. Upgrade ubuntu linux from 8.10 to 9.04 through dist-upgrade.
3. Configure APM (Apache2, PHP5, MySQL5 )
4. Install additional softwares
(proftpd, openssh, telnetd, webalizer, phpmyadmin, mc, squid)
5.

Remote access to linux machine through firewalled network

I'm running my linux machine at home as well as windows PC.

this morning I left my PC in power-on condition because some backup work should be done. But i will still be in power-on condition after the backup work done, that is the waste of energy. but I can turn it off because I'm working in my office.

So I tried to connect to my windows machine via linux computer which runs 24 hours a day. It is possible to use remote desktop service runs on Vista.

Only remaining problem is a running X windows program in my office PC.
It need some trick called ssh tunneling.

I installed Xming to run X server in my office PC.
to run the X application, i use plink.exe which installed with putty ssh client.

Method is very simple.
First, start the Xming server in my office PC.
And start command console in same machine.
move to the folder putty is installed.
and type plink and some connection info.

here's my case.

C:\PROGRA~1\iPuTTY>plink -ssh -X -P 27 -pw aaa user@mylinuxpc.com xterm

(note: -P 27 is option for non-regular port number.
this option is required because my company block official ssh port(22) so I changed ssh port to 27 in my linux machine.)
then I can use any linux X application through this xterm.

I started tsclient program and tried to connect to my vista machine.

Boot with grub, Vista, Ubuntu, OS X

I'm not sure which method can valid for my PC.
it seems kind of complicate concept such as efi_boot, vanilla kernel, guid, pc_bcd..

But i just downloaded 'boot_v9' and copy it into /boot directory in my ubuntu partition.
and added following paragraph in the /boot/grub/menu.lst

title Mac OSX Leopard
#root drive should be the partion which grub is installed. It's not where OSX intalled partition!!!!
root (hd1,2)
kernel /boot/boot_v9
boot
o

then It just work!!
http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=85508

Now that boot_v9 supports sleep, I have revived this method.
Get boot_v9 from here:
http://www.mediafire.com/?rdonkiqyzlz

Rename it from boot to boot_v9

Follow the PC_EFI method below, except say boot_v9 everwhere it says boot_v8

[Important Edit regarding depreciation -- While the PC_EFI method works, and was necessary for those of us who used grub at one time, with the advent of Chameleon I consider it depreciated.]

CHAMELEON METHOD
To use Chameleon with Grub, do the following:
1) Download Chameleon (current version) from chameleon.osx86.hu
2) dd boot1h to the partition you have OS X installed onto.
3) copy boot to the root directory of your OS X partion
4) ignore the boot0 file -- it overwrites grub in your MBR and you don't need it with grub.
5) edit your grub menu.lst file to chainload in the usual manner, I.E.-- my OS X entry now reads:

title Mac OSX Leopard
rootnoverify (hd?,?) (replace ? with the values Grub uses for OSX partition -- differs from pc_efi method)
chainloader (hd?,?)+1 (same values)

This is much easier and more standardized, hence I consider the following pc_efi method depreciated.

PC_EFI METHOD

[EDIT -- this is intended for MBR partitioning. If you used GUID, see keso7's post below also
http://forum.insanelymac.com/index.php?s=&...st&p=859014
Linux lives nicely in the extended partition of an MBR system. FreeBSD will put its own slices in an MBR primary partition.]

Get boot_v8 (The pc_efi bootloader)
(Google "pc_efi v8.0 download")

Copy it to /boot inside linux [EDIT -- or FreeBSD]

Then edit /boot/grub/menu.lst

title Mac OSX Leopard
root (hd?,?) (replace with same values grub uses for Linux partition, not ones for OSX partition)
kernel /boot/boot_v8
boot

[EDIT -- Repetition because so many people miss this point -- use root(hd?,?) to match your LINUX entry. DO NOT point to your OS X partition. If you screw this up you will get grub error 17.]

[EDIT -- a few people report kernel /boot_v8 works for them rather than above. Possibly a difference between SUSE (which I use) and Ubuntu on the reports. In any event, if you put boot_v8 into the same location as the Linux kernel (for me /boot) the the path should be the same as the path to the Linux kernel in the Linux entry.]

[EDIT -- for FreeBSD, the root line would be root(hd?,?,a) -- the a refers to the first (boot) slice in the FreeBSD partition]

If OS X resides on a different HDD than Linux, you will have to enter a hex code for the appropriate drive during the boot process. [For simplicity, I advise you have Linux and OS X share a hard disk.]
80 -- 1st HDD
81 -- 2nd HDD
82 -- 3rd HDD

Alternately, so you don't have to enter code during boot process, make a tiny ext3 partition on the OS X HDD
copy boot_v8 there in a directory /boot
and replace (hd?,?) with the values of that partition

[EDIT -- At least theoretically, you should be able to do the same approach with Grub hosted on a Solaris system. However Solaris does not support my disk controller (ICH8R) so I cannot test this myself.]
=====================================
thanks to jesse wilkinson
http://linagra.com/2009/03/osx86-triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-grub-working-efi/
http://www.jessewilkinson.com/2008/02/14/triple-boot-vista-ubuntu-710-osx86-1051/

Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1
February 14th, 2008

Filed under: Development, Hardware, High Technology

This is a step-by-step how-to of how exactly I set up my triple booting system on a PC. I used two hard drives for this configuration, one 400GB for my Vista + Ubuntu, and another 120GB for my OSX86 partition. This cleans up a lot of problems with getting the EFI bios to work.

Gateway GM5442

My hardware configuration:
-Intel Core 2 Duo E4400 (2.0 GHz)
-2GB DDR2 533MHz
-500GB + 120 GB SATA HD’s
-Board: Intel D945GCF
-Chipset: 82945G
-Intel GMA 950 Graphics
-10/100 Mbps Lan (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not osx86)
-Integrated 8-Channel Sigmatel Audio (Works on Vista + Ubuntu, not on osx86)
-USB 2.0 Bluetooth Adapter (Works on Ubuntu + osx86, not on Vista)
-USB 2.0 Ethernet Adapter (Works on osx86, not on Vista + Ubuntu)
-USB 2.0 Audio Adapter (Works on osx86 + Vista, not on Ubuntu)

1. You will need:

* A PC with the same board/chipset/graphics for this install to work. A lot of computers come standard with this configuration.
* A copy of the Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.
* A copy of Ubuntu 7.10 (http://www.ubuntu.com)
* Any copy of Windows Vista (or xp really)
* Two (2) Hard drives! HIGHLY RECOMMENDED, makes life much easier and you don’t risk destroying your other partitions when installing OSX86.

2. Make sure both drives are attached by sata, configure your prefered vista drive as primary in your BIOS and go ahead and install it on your primary drive if you haven’t already.
3. When you’re done, use Vistas “disk management” tool under “computer management” in the “administrative tools” section of the control panel to free up some space in an additional partition for an Ubuntu install on your Vista Drive.
4. Insert your Kalyway disc and restart your computer, before the install starts jump into your BIOS.
5. Configure your hard drives so that your OSX hard drive will be primary instead of your vista drive. Exit + Save
6. Kalyway disc will start, allow the disk to load, it may take a few minutes. Patience is a virtue!
7. STOP, do not continue your installation yet, you need to partition!
9. Go to tools > disk utility and select your OSX hard drive from the left hand list.
10. Click the partition tab, and select 1 partition. Name your partition something simple, I used “osx”. DON’T USE SPACES. Choose MacOS Extended (Journaled) Filesystem. Do not click “apply” yet.
11. Choose “options” > this screen will appear:

MBR

12. For this hardware configuration only MBR will work with the EFI bios for this chipset. I’ve tried GUID, as it works better on intel processors, but nevertheless, no luck.
13. Click apply and complete the partitioning, close disk utility.
14. Continue the installer, agree to the terms + conditions. You will see a customize button before you click on “Install.” Click this option.
15. Check both the vanilla kernals and the EFI bootloader(MBR not GUID) at the bottom. I couldn’t get any of the sound drivers to work on my onboard sound, but i resolved the issue with a USB sound card (see bottom).
16. Click “done” and continue with the install.
17. When it’s all said and done, you should be able to restart and boot into OSX86 without the disc in the drive.
18. Eject the disc, and insert your Ubuntu 7.10 disc.
19. Restart the computer, and head into BIOS.
20. Reset your Vista drive as your primary hard drive. Save + Quit
21. When prompted to start ubuntu live cd, do so.
22. Once on the Ubuntu desktop, click install and follow the basic instructions. Use “largest continuous free space” for the space to install, and it will install to the empty partition on your vista drive you created in step 3. MAKE SURE YOU INSTALL GRUB BOOTLOADER!
23. Complete the install, eject Ubuntu disc, and restart.
24. When prompted with the Grub bootloader, choose Ubuntu 7.10 and boot into your linux partition.
25. Open up a new terminal and type in: “sudo fdisk -l” (confirm with password)
26. It should display a list of hard drives and their partitions, this will give you an idea of how you’ll need to configure GRUB, to boot into your OSX and Vista partitions. Keep this terminal open!
27. Open another terminal and type: “sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst” (confirm with password)
28. In front of you a gedit window will appear with the current Grub configuration. You’re going to have to add some new entries to this setup.
29. This is what my menu.lst file looks like, yours should look very similar, however you’re partitions may be labeled differently. Replace “root (hdX,Y)” as needed to make it match what you have displayed in the terminal you opened in step 25 + 26.

default 0
timeout 5

title Mac OS X86
root (hd1,0)
chainloader +1
makeactive

title Windows Vista
root (hd0,1)
chainloader +1
makeactive

title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 7.10, kernel 2.6.22-14-generic (recovery mode)
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.22-14-generic root=UUID=c50989a9-f628-48e8-90f7-d8b3836d6bc2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.22-14-generic

title Ubuntu 7.10, memtest86+
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

30. Once you’re sure you’re good, save and restart. The configuration I put in above should work beautifully with OSX being primary, Vista/XP secondary, and Ubuntu tertiary. ENJOY!

Extras I had to buy later:
- USB audio adapter (works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16829128002
- USB ethernet adapter (works with drivers on this page) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833114017
- USB bluetooth adapter(works out of the box) http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16833156069

Photos:
About the macStacks!StatsDesktop (Artifacts too…)hardware acceleration!All three os’s

Videos:
- Youtube video of my setup: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1VD2lXpcZ0 (sorry it’s so quiet!)
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2 Responses to “ Triple Boot: Vista, Ubuntu 7.10, OSX86 10.5.1 ”

1.
Andres
March 17th, 2009 at 1:06 pm

I see you made this a year ago. I just won a very powerful PC on a contest for video editing but I want to experiment running OSX on it. Here are my PC specs:
# Ram: 12GB
# CPU: Intel Core i7 Processor i7-920 2.66GHz
# Case: Antec 900 Series
# DVD Drive: CD - DVD Drive
# Power Supply: Trio 650 Watt TruePower
# Operating System: Vista Ultimate 64 Bit
# Video Card: Radeon HD 4870 512MB 256-bit GDDR5
# Firewire Card: 32/64-Bit 3 Ports 1394
# System Drive: 250 GB SATA 7200 RPM
# A/V Storage: 2 TB SATA 7200 RPM

I’d like to use a firewire external hard drive to install it. On your blog you mentioned using “Kalyway patched 10.5.1 OSX86 Install DVD.” Is there any upgrades ever since you did this? Do you think it’ll work on an external HD? I could also install it on a external eSata HD, what I don’t whant is to mess with the original configuration the system came with.(other than the BIOS).
Thanks beforehand for any advise you can offer.
2.
Jesse Wilkinson
March 19th, 2009 at 1:05 pm

Wow, I wish I could win a computer that rediculous… You should try the iPC distribution, it may work out of the box, although I’m not sure if OSX even supports core i7 chipsets yet.

http://pcwizcomputer.com/ipcosx86/

You’ll have to search “the bay” to find the download, it’s a dvd.

Also you should do your research on insanelymac.com. The easiest way to search that site is to use google with the site:insanelymac.com parameter.

You can use this link for that:

http://www.google.com/search?q=core+i7+site%3Ainsanelymac.com

Good luck man

Sky HDTV in ubuntu 8.10

For seeing the QAM Digital broadcating, sky HDTV program is required.
but it's runs only on Windows.
Even Windows Media Center does not capture the QAM channel in korea.

If you are using a linux, you can see the digital TV for free.

1. Set the driver

Someone saying that following configuration option shold be added in /etc/modprobe.d/options

options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64

options snd_hda_intel index=0
options cx88-alsa index=1
----------------
That someone also saying that /etc/modprobe.d/aliases should add these;
alias char-major-116 snd
alias char-major-14 soundcore

alias sound-service-0-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-0-1 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-0-8 snd-seq-oss
alias sound-service-0-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-0 snd_hda_intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd_hda_intel

alias sound-service-1-0 snd-mixer-oss
alias sound-service-1-3 snd-pcm-oss
alias sound-service-1-12 snd-pcm-oss
alias /dev/dsp1 snd-pcm-oss
alias snd-card-1 cx88-alsa
alias sound-slot-1 cx88-alsa

BUT, another one saying that only followings are needed for it.
/etc/modprobe.d/options
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64


/etc/modprobe.preload
cx8800
cx88xx
cx88_dvb


2. install kaffeine
sudo apt-get install kaffeine
or you can enjoy the HDTV by using mplayer or xine.

Choose as you want.

3. Setup the channel
You need the programs scandvb, tzap and szap to scan transponders and to tune the cards. These are packaged in Fedora as 'dvb-apps' in Fedora Extras and 'dvb-utils' in Ubuntu (and thus probably Debian)
In ubuntu 8.10 you can install dvd-utils by
#apt-get install dvb-utils

then you can use the scan command.
config files for dvb-utils are stored in /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils

Korea use a ATSC like US, so don't confuse with several DVB options.
(there are 4 options ; ATSC, dvb-s for satellite, dvb-c for cable, dvb-t for terrestrial)


so use scan command for atsc.
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf <= cable
scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-ATSC-center-frequencies-8VSB > channels.conf <= air TV

* if you using another linux distribution, you may need to use dvbscan instead of scan.
here is the format of channels.conf

ChannelName:Frequency:Modulation:VID:AID:PID
MBC:755028615:8VSB:17:20:1
KBS1:761028615:8VSB:33:36:1
KBS2:767028615:8VSB:33:36:1
EBS:773028615:8VSB:33:36:1
SBS:797028615:8VSB:17:20:1

check the channel with azap
# azap -r MBC


Copy the channel file to TV application directory.
for kaffeine : ~/.kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb
for Mplayer : ~/.mplayer/channels.conf
for Xine : ~/.xine/channels.conf

especially for using in kaffeine, you need to compile atsc-convert.
download source from http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister

atsc-converter channels.conf > channels.dvb

split MKV

http://stream-recorder.com/forum/split-mkv-mpeg-4-avc-hdtv-file-t2270.html?s=21dcc10b0306a6cda1b8e97162b1642c&

Recently I got an .MKV HDTV file with MPEG-4 AVC (h264) video and two AC3 audio tracks. The bad thing was that the .MKV file was 10MB larger than a single layer DVD disc, i.e. it was 4,38 GB instead of 4,37GB I could fit into the DVD disc.

The problem was that many applications still didn't support files larger than 4,37. Also MPEG-4 AVC (h264) is not always supported even with a single audio track.

I didn't want to re-compress the video. Splitting MKV was the only option. Luckily the video had a dozen of useless seconds at the end.

I tried freeware avidemux (Windows) first. It was slow, didn't seem to support 2 audio tracks, besides I got several dialog windows asking me about indexing and other stuff that I didn't really want to see.

Then I tried freeware mkvtoolnix (Windows, Unix). It did the job perfectly!

mkvmerge GUI from mkvtoolnix has some disadvantages:
you can split after a given amount of time, but you can't split after several given amounts of time;
you can't preview the video in the mkvmerge, so you need to launch a player and remember the time when you need to split.

But it is fast. It support MPEG-4 AVC even with two audio tracks, so I recommend it!

SKY-HDTV on Ubuntu

Ubuntu 8.04 can detect cx23881 chipset automatically.
but It doesn't have tuner information.

so, let ubuntu know which tuner is used.

sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/options

add following

# set sky HDTV
options cx88xx card=31 tuner=64


reboot and now you can use your tv card.

sudo modprobe cx88-dvb
sudo apt-get install dvb-utils

scan /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/atsc/us-Cable-Standard-center-frequencies-QAM256 > channels.conf

if you want to use kaffeine as tv viewer

sudo apt-get install kaffeine

and convert channels.conf file in your home directory into kaffeine's channels.dvb file.

http://websvn.kde.org/branches/work/~pfister

download all the files in this url.
and compile it using make

you can get atsc-converter .

in your home directory atsc-converter channels.conf channels.dvb

you now can have channels.dvb
cp ./channels.dvb .kde/share/apps/kaffeine/channels.dvb

Get Information About Your BIOS in linux

http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/querying-dumping-bios-from-linux-command-prompt.html


Get Information About Your BIOS / Server Hardware From a Shell Without Opening Chassis ( BIOS Decoder )
Posted by Vivek Gite [Last updated: July 24, 2008]

biosdecode is a command line utility to parses the BIOS memory and prints information about all structures (or entry points) it knows of. You can find out more information about your hardware such as:

=> IPMI Device

=> Type of memory and speed

=> Chassis Information

=> Temperature Probe

=> Cooling Device

=> Electrical Current Probe

=> Processor and Memory Information

=> Serial numbers

=> BIOS version

=> PCI / PCIe Slots and Speed

=> Much more

biosdecode parses the BIOS memory and prints the following information about all structures :

=> SMBIOS (System Management BIOS)

=> DMI (Desktop Management Interface, a legacy version of SMBIOS)

=> SYSID

=> PNP (Plug and Play)

=> ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)

=> BIOS32 (BIOS32 Service Directory)

=> PIR (PCI IRQ Routing)

=> 32OS (BIOS32 Extension, Compaq-specific)

=> VPD (Vital Product Data, IBM-specific)

=> FJKEYINF (Application Panel, Fujitsu-specific)

In this tip you will learn about decoding BIOS data (dumping a computer's DMI ) and getting all information about computer hardware without rebooting the server.

More about the DMI tables

The DMI table doesn’t only describe what the system is currently made of, it also can report the possible evolutions such as the fastest supported CPU or the maximal amount of memory supported.

dmidecode - Read biosdecode data in a human-readable format

Data provided by biosdecode is not in a human-readable format. You need to use dmidecode command for dumping a computer’s DMI (SMBIOS) table contents on screen. This table contains a description of the system’s hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of information such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hardware.

Task: Display information about IPMI Device

# dmidecode --type 38

Output:

# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.

Handle 0x0029, DMI type 38, 18 bytes.
IPMI Device Information
        Interface Type: KCS (Keyboard Control Style)
        Specification Version: 2.0
        I2C Slave Address: 0x10
        NV Storage Device: Not Present
        Base Address: 0x0000000000000CA2 (I/O)
        Register Spacing: Successive Byte Boundaries

Task: Display information about PCI / PCIe Slots

# dmidecode --type 9

# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.

Handle 0x000E, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
        Designation: PCIX#1-133MHz
        Type: 64-bit PCI-X
        Current Usage: Available
        Length: Long
        ID: 1
        Characteristics:
                3.3 V is provided

Handle 0x000F, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
        Designation: PCIX#2-100MHz
        Type: 64-bit PCI-X
        Current Usage: Available
        Length: Long
        ID: 2
        Characteristics:
                3.3 V is provided

Handle 0x0010, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
        Designation: PCIE#3-x8
        Type: Other
        Current Usage: Available
        Length: Other
        Characteristics:
                3.3 V is provided

Handle 0x0011, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
        Designation: PCIE#4-x8
        Type: Other
        Current Usage: Available
        Length: Other
        Characteristics:
                3.3 V is provided

Handle 0x0012, DMI type 9, 13 bytes.
System Slot Information
        Designation: PCIE#5-x8
        Type: Other
        Current Usage: Available
        Length: Other
        Characteristics:
                3.3 V is provided

Task: Find out Information about BIOS

# dmidecode --type 0

Output:

# dmidecode 2.7
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes.
BIOS Information
        Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
        Version: 6.00
        Release Date: 01/26/2007
        Address: 0xE56C0
        Runtime Size: 108864 bytes
        ROM Size: 1024 kB
        Characteristics:
                PCI is supported
                PNP is supported
                BIOS is upgradeable
                BIOS shadowing is allowed
                ESCD support is available
                Boot from CD is supported
                Selectable boot is supported
                EDD is supported
                3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
                ACPI is supported
                USB legacy is supported
                LS-120 boot is supported
                ATAPI Zip drive boot is supported
                BIOS boot specification is supported
                Targeted content distribution is supported

Understanding BIOS keywords

dmidecode --type {KEYWORD / Number }

You need to pass dmidecode following keywords:

• bios


• system


• baseboard


• chassis


• processor


• memory


• cache


• connector


• slot

All DMI types you need to use with dmidecode --type {Number}:

# Type	Short Description
0	BIOS
1	System
2	Base Board
3	Chassis
4	Processor
5	Memory Controller
6	Memory Module
7	Cache
8	Port Connector
9	System Slots
10	On Board Devices
11	OEM Strings
12	System Configuration Options
13	BIOS Language
14	Group Associations
15	System Event Log
16	Physical Memory Array
17	Memory Device
18	32-bit Memory Error
19	Memory Array Mapped Address
20	Memory Device Mapped Address
21	Built-in Pointing Device
22	Portable Battery
23	System Reset
24	Hardware Security
25	System Power Controls
26	Voltage Probe
27	Cooling Device
28	Temperature Probe
29	Electrical Current Probe
30	Out-of-band Remote Access
31	Boot Integrity Services
32	System Boot
33	64-bit Memory Error
34	Management Device
35	Management Device Component
36	Management Device Threshold Data
37	Memory Channel
38	IPMI Device
39	Power Supply

Display Power supply information, enter:

# dmidecode --type 39

Display CPU information, enter:

# dmidecode --type processor

Read man page for more information:

$ man dmidecode

Other tools and commands to gather hardware information

• Linux list hardware information with lshw command


• dconf - Linux command to gather hardware and software snapshot for troubleshooting


• Linux display system hardware status information gathered from /proc filesystem in easy format


• Linux display information about installed hardware


• Linux command to gathers up information about a Linux system

Updated for accuracy.

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Mendelssohn for Two Parts (of the World) - New York Times

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Private Medicare Plans’ Cost Questioned - New York Times

Justices Take Up Battle Over Exxon Valdez - New York Times

Justices Take Up Battle Over Exxon Valdez - New York Times

psychology term

피그말리온(pygmalion) 효과 : 피그말리온이라는 사람이 자기가 만든 여자 조각상을 너무도 사랑했기 때문에 그 조각이 진짜 여자가 되었다고 해서 나온 말로, 긍정적으로 기대하면 그 기대에 부응하는 행동을 하게 된다는 것. 낙인 (stigma)효과 - 피그말리온 효과와는 반대로 나쁜 사람이라고 부정적인 낙인이 찍히면 그 낙인에 걸맞은 행동을 한다는 것. 위약 (placebo)효과 - 밀가루를 알약처럼 만든 플라시보가 약효를 보는 것처럼 가짜 약이 진짜 약처럼 정신적,신체적 변화를 일으키는 것. 자이가르니크 (Zeigarnik)효과 - 연구자의 이름을 딴 것으로 첫사랑은 잊을 수 없는 것처럼 미완성 과제에 대한 기억이 완성 과제에 대한 기억보다 더 강하게 남는 것. 후광(halo)효과 - 어떤 사람이 갖고 있는 한 가지 장점이나 매력 때문에 다른 특성들도 좋게 평가되는 것. 악마(Devil)효과 - 후광효과와는 반대로 못생긴 외모 때문에 그 사람의 다른 측면까지 부정적으로 평가되는 것. 방사(Radition) 효과 - 예쁜 여자랑 다니는 못생긴 남자는 뭔가 다른 특별한 게 있을 것이라고 보는 것처럼 매력 있는 짝과 함께 있을 때 사회적 지위나 자존심이 고양되는 것. 대비 (Contrast) 효과 - 방사 효과와는 반대로 여자들이 자기보다 예쁜 친구와는 될 수 있는 대로 같이 미팅에 안 나가는 것처럼 너무 매력적인 상대와 함께 있으면 그 사람과 비교되어 평가절하 되는 것. 스톡홀름 (Stockholm) 신드롬 - 스톡홀름의 은행강도에게 인질로 잡힌 여자가 그 강도와 사랑에 빠진 것처럼 왕창 겁을 준 다음에 주는 호의가 더 효과적이라는 것. 전위적 공격행동 (Displaced Aggression) - 자기 마누라한테 받은 분풀이를 회사에 와서 부하직원에게 푸는 것처럼 처벌을 가한 자에게 공격행동을 하기보다는 다른 대상을 찾아 분노감을 해소하는 것. 자기 이행적 예언 (Self-Fulfilling Prophecy) - '며느리가 미우면 며느리 발뒤꿈치까지 밉다'고 어떤 사람을 의심하면 하는 짓마다 수상하게 보이고 미워하면 미운 짓만 하는 것 같은 것. 기대- 가치 이론 (Expectancy- Value Theory) - '제 눈에 안경' 혹은 '끼리끼리 논다'는 유유상종이란 말처럼 자기와 함꼐 할 상대자를 선택할 때 그 상대방의 매력 정도 뿐만이 아니라 그 상대와의 성사 가능성이란 기대 정도도 고려해서 결정한다는 것. 욕구-상보성 가설 (Need Colplementarity Hypotheses) - 기대-가치이론과는 반대로 지배욕구가 강한 사람은 순종적인 사람을 좋아하는 것처럼 서로 상반되는 성향의 사람들이 자신들의 욕구를 보상받을 수 있는 상대와 친해지려고 하는 것. 단순접촉의 효과 (Effect of simple contrast) - 자주 보면 정이 드는 것처럼 단지 자주 첩촉하는 것만으로도 사람들이 호감을 느끼는 것. 초두 효과 (Primacy effect) - 만남에서 첫인상이 중요한 것 처럼 먼저 제시된 정보가 나중에 들어온 정보보다 전반적인 인상 형성에 강력한 영향을 미치는 것. 맥락 효과 (Context Effect) - 성실한 사람이 머리가 좋으면 머리 좋은게 지혜로운 것으로 해석되고 이기적인 사람이 머리가 좋으면 교활한 것으로 해석되는 것, 또는 예쁜 여자가 공부도 잘하면 기특한 거고, 못생긴 여자가 공부를 잘 하면 독한 년이라고 처음에 제시된 정보가 나중에 들어오는 정보들의 처리 지침을 만들고 전반적인 맥락을 제공하는 것. 주의 감소 (Attention Dcrement) 현상 - 첫인상이 나쁘면 나중에 아무리 잘해도 어려운 것처럼 후에 들어오는 정보에 주의를 기울이는 정도가 줄어드는 것. 중요성 절감(Discounting) 현상 - 이기적이라고 생각했던 사람이 갑자기 호의를 보이면 의심하듯이 나중에 들어오는 정보의 중요성은 처음 들어오는 정보에 비해 가볍게 취급되는 것. 현저성 효과 (Vividness Effect) - 이빨에 고춧가루가 낀 여자는 아무리 예쁘게 생겨도 매력 없는 것처럼 두드러진 특징이 인상형성에 큰 몫을 차지하는 것. 부정성의 효과 (Negative Effect) - 한번 전과자는 사회에 발붙이기 힘들다고 하듯이 부정적인 특징이 긍정적인 것보다 인상형성에 더 강력하게 작용하는 것. 수면자 효과(Sleeper Effect) - 큰 잘못을 해도 시간이 지나면 용서 받을 수 있듯이 초기에 제시된 정보도 잠자고 나면 점차 망각되는 것. 빈발 효과 (Frequency Effect) - 내성적이라고 생각했던 사람도 웃기는 행동을 자주 하면 외향적이라고 생각되듯이 반복해서 제시되는 행동이나 태도가 첫인상을 바꾸는 것. 통제감의 착각 (Illusion of control) - '사람들은 모두 제 잘난 맛에 산다'고 불행한 사건이 일어날 가능성은 낮게 보고 남들보다 행복한 미래가 기다리고 있다고 생각하는 것처럼 우연에 의해 결정되는 일도 자신이 통제력을 행사할 수 있다고 믿는 것. 행위자-관찰자 편향 (Actor-Observer Bias) - 운전할 땐 차선의 빨간 불이 길게 느껴지고, 길을 걸을 땐 횡단보도의 빨간 불이 길게 느껴지는 것처럼 똑같은 행동도 자신이 행위자일 때와 다른 사람이 그 행위를 하고 있는 것을 관찰할 때가 서로 다른 것. 허구적 일치성 효과 (False consensus Effect) - 바람기 있는 남자는 자기 친구가 업무상 여자를 만나면 바람을 피운다고 추측하기 쉽듯이 객관적인 절차 없이 남들도 자기와 같을 것이라고 짐작하는 것. 허구적 톡특성 (False Uniqueness) - 내가 하면 낭만적 로맨스고 남이 하면 주책 같은 스캔들이라고 자신은 남들과 달리 독특한 개성을 갖고 있다고 보려는 것. 사회 비교 이론 (Social comparison Theory) - 내가 남들에게 어떻게 보이는가가 항상 궁금하듯이 사람은 의식적 또는 무의식적으로 자신을 타인과 비교하려는 욕구가 있다는 것. 단순 보상의 효과 (simple Reward effect) - 사람들이 유명세에 약하듯이 부담스러운 것보다는 보상을 추구하는 성향이 있기 때문에 일단은 강한 자 편에 서고 싶어하는 것. 자존심 고양의 효과 (self-Esteem Enhancing Effect) - 유명하고 똑똑하고 힘있는 사람이 내 주변에 많으면 내 자존심이 올라간다고 생각하는 것. 발부터 들여놓기 기법 (foot-in-the-door Technique) - 외판사원들이 하는 영업수법으로 작은 요구에 응하게 하여 나중에 큰 요구를 들어주게 하는 것. 머리부터 들여놓기 기법 (face-in-the-door Technique) - 어린애들이 엄마에게 우선 비싼 것을 사달라고 떼쓰다가 그것이 안되면 그것보다 좀 싼 것을 사달라고 하는 식으로 무리한 부탁을 먼저 해서 나중에 제시한 작은 요구를 들어주게 하는 방법. 내적귀인 (Internal Attribution) - '잘되면 내 탓'이라고 자기가 한 일이 성공적인 경우는 자신의 재능이나 노력 등 스스로의 공으로 돌리는 것. 외적귀인 (External Attribution) - '못되면 조상 탓'이라고 실패한 경우는 타인이나 상황 또는 운으로 탓을 돌리는 것. 방어적 귀인 (Deffensive Attribution) - 실패했을 때는 남의 탓으로 돌려야 자존심이 상하지 않으며, 잘 되었을 때는 자기의 공으로 치부해서 자기의 자존심이 고양되는 것. 조건반사 (conditioning) - "파블로브의 개' 처럼 과거에 경험했던 어떤 자극이 제시되면 그 자극상황에서 나타났던 반응들이 일어나는 것. 혐오적 조건 형성 (Aversive Conditioning) - 만일 나비가 하수도에서 산다면 나비도 쥐처럼 사람들이 혐오하는 곤충이 되었을 것이라는 상상처럼 더럽고 불쾌한 자극과 짝지어 제시되었기 때문에 어떤 것을 혐오스럽게 생각하는 것. 자극 일반화 (stimulus Generalization) 현상 - '자라 보고 놀란 가슴 솥뚜껑 보고 놀란다'고 조건형성된 자극과 유사한 자극이 나타나도 학습된 조건반사와 비슷한 반응을 보이는 것. 터널시야 (Tunnel Vision) 현상 - 열 받으면 눈에 뵈는 게 없는 것 처럼 생리적인 흥분이 증가되어 주의력과 정보처리 능력이 현저하게 저하되는 것. 비인간화(Dehumanization)현상 - 상대방이 어떤 사람인지 모르는 경우에는 상대방을 비인격적인 존재로 격하하기 때문에 상대방을 아는 경우보다 공격성이 촉발되는 것. 사건처리 (Event Processing Hypothesis) 가설 - 모르는 길을 찾아갈 때는 이것저것 파악해야 할 게 많아 멀게 느껴지지만 돌아올 때는 파악해야 할 것이 갈 때보다 적어 가깝게 느껴지는 것 처럼 처리되는 사건의 수에 따라 시간의 추정이 달라지는 것. 자기불구화 (Self- Handicapping) 현상 - 어떤 일을 실패할 가능성이 많다고 생각할 때는 다른 이유로 책임을 전가하여 핑계 댈 구실을 만들어 자존심을 보호하는 것. 심리적 반발 (Psychological Reactance) - 멍석 깔아주면 안 하는 것 처럼 하라면 하기 싫고, 말리면 하고 싶은 것. 자극포만 기법 (stimulus-satiation Technique) - 비정상적인 행동을 그만두게 하는 심리학적인 치료방법으로 좋아하는 것을 물리게 하여 그만두게 하는 것. 정서의 말초설 (Peripheral Theory of Emotion) - 아이들이 싸우다 코피가 나면 눈물을 흘리며 우는 것처럼 신체의 말초반응들이 감정을 유도하는 것. 점화 효과 (Priming Effect) - 특정한 정서와 관련된 정보들이 그물망처럼 서로 연결되어 있어서 한 가지 정보가 자극을 받으면 관련된 기억들이 함께 떠오르는 것. 몰개성화 (Deindividuation) 현상 - 스타의 공연을 보는 오빠 부대 마냥 흥분하면 자신의 상태를 파악하는 능력이 감소되어 하나의 독립된 개체로서의 개성을 상실하는 것.
내용출처 : 엠파스

psychology term

recover GRUB

This procedure only can be applied for the case your system is under following condition.
1. Using a dual boot with other OS
2. Your boot loader was installed in MBR of hard disk.

If you installed windows OS on dual boot environment, you will not be boot into linux.
Windows was made for the case only one windows OS is installed in your computer.
Here goes the recovery procedure.

1. Boot with Ubuntu live CD.
2. in the gnome, check that your linux partition is shown in the Places - computer.
3. Open the terminal.
4. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
tmpfs on /lib/modules/2.6.22-14-generic/volatile type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
varrun on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=0755)
varlock on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777)
udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devshm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/ dev/sda4 on /media/disk type ext3 (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sda1 on /media/vista type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,allow_other,blksize=4096)
5. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): p

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 5624 45174748+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 5625 8046 19454715 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 8047 8173 1020127+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 8174 9598 11446312+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): q

6. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub
grub>root (hd0,3)

grub>setup (hd0)
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 17 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+17 p (hd0,3)/boot/grub/stage2
/boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Done.
grub>quit